接触品质：采用界面工程实现材料超常力学性能新方法

丁向东; 李苏植; 李恒; 张祯; 孙军

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202604012

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接触品质：采用界面工程实现材料超常力学性能新方法

专题西安交通大学自然科学优秀成果 | 更新时间：2026-04-10

- 接触品质：采用界面工程实现材料超常力学性能新方法
- Contact Quality：A Novel Approach for Achieving Extraordinary Mechanical Properties of Materials via Interface Engineering
- 西安交通大学学报 2026年60卷第4期页码：151-161
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学金属材料强度全国重点实验室，710049，西安
- 作者简介：
  
  团队负责人：丁向东教授
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFB4600500);国家自然科学基金重点国际合作研究项目。(W2411048)
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202604012
  中图分类号： TB303
- 收稿：2025-09-26，
  
  网络首发：2025-12-18，
  
  纸质出版：2026-04-10
- 稿件说明：
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丁向东, 李苏植, 李恒, 等. 接触品质：采用界面工程实现材料超常力学性能新方法[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2026,60(4):151-161.

DING Xiangdong, LI Suzhi, LI Heng, et al. Contact Quality：A Novel Approach for Achieving Extraordinary Mechanical Properties of Materials via Interface Engineering[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(4): 151-161.
丁向东, 李苏植, 李恒, 等. 接触品质：采用界面工程实现材料超常力学性能新方法[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2026,60(4):151-161. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202604012.

DING Xiangdong, LI Suzhi, LI Heng, et al. Contact Quality：A Novel Approach for Achieving Extraordinary Mechanical Properties of Materials via Interface Engineering[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(4): 151-161. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202604012.

摘要

材料中广泛存在着不同类型的微观界面，界面的相对滑动伴随着晶格匹配、局域钉扎等诸多方面的演化，将诱发丰富的界面动态效应，对材料的力学行为产生重要影响。如何调控界面的动态演化行为以大幅度提升材料的力学性能，一直是领域内研究的难点和热点。西安交通大学孙军、丁向东创新团队以实现材料的超常力学行为和高性能化为目标，提出了界面“接触品质”新概念并给予了定量表征，从“接触界面、晶内畴界面、晶内滑移面”3个方面，研究了接触品质主导的界面动态演化中的微观机制，取得了开创性成果。首先，提出了“接触品质”新概念，揭示出二维材料奇特摩擦行为的微观机理，进而利用面内应变大幅度调控摩擦力，实现了二维材料的超润滑；其次，发现梯度应变能够降低晶内界面的接触品质，诱发畴界或相界的连续翻转，在低韧性金属和脆性陶瓷材料中实现了具有可回复性大应变的超弹性；进一步，利用加剧的化学成分起伏增加位错滑移面接触品质，显著降低了位错滑移的平均速度，在纳米晶合金中实现了超高强塑性；最后，展望了接触品质这一概念在设计材料力学性能中的前景。该文以界面接触品质概念为切入点，发现和揭示了一种获得材料超常力学效应的新途径。

Abstract

Various types of micro-interfaces widely exist in materials.The relative sliding of interfaces，accompanied by the evolution of lattice matching，local pinning，and other factors，induces rich interfacial dynamic effects that significantly influence the mechanical behavior of materials.How to regulate the dynamic evolution of interfaces to substantially enhance mechanical properties has long been a challenging and focal research topic in the field.Aiming to achieve extraordinary mechanical behavior and high performance in materials，the innovative team led by Sun Jun and Ding Xiangdong from Xi'an Jiaotong University proposed a new concept of“contact quality”and provided its quantitative characterization. From three perspectives—contacting interfaces，domain boundaries，and dislocation slip planes—the mechanisms underlying the interface dynamic evolution dominated by contact quality were investigated，yielding important results.First，the concept of“contact quality”was proposed，revealing the microscopic mechanism behind the peculiar frictional behavior of two-dimensional materials.Subsequently，in-plane strain was utilized to substantially regulate friction，achieving superlubricity in 2D materials.Second，it was found that strain gradient could reduce the contact quality of interfaces，inducing continuous flipping of domain or phase boundaries，thereby realizing superelasticity with large recoverable strains in low-toughness metals and brittle ceramics.Furthermore，by intensifying chemical composition fluctuations，the contact quality of dislocation slip planes was increased，which significantly reduced the average dislocation glide velocity and enabled ultra-high strength and ductility in nanocrystalline alloys.Finally，prospects for regulating interface contact quality are outlined，including advancing superlubricity from the microscopic to the macroscopic scale，controlling superelasticity and hysteresis behavior in materials，and developing new metallic materials with heterogeneous nanostructures.This research provides design guidelines for fulfilling the demand for materials with extraordinary mechanical properties in key fields such as aerospace and mechanical manufacturing.

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