燃气透平轮缘密封流动特性和气动性能

赵欣悦; 雷隆; 李志刚; 李军

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202405011

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

燃气透平轮缘密封流动特性和气动性能

—————————————————————— | 更新时间：2025-07-28

- 燃气透平轮缘密封流动特性和气动性能
- Research on Flow Characteristics of Rim Seal and Aerodynamic Performance of Gas Turbine Stage
- 西安交通大学学报 2024年58卷第5期页码：111-123
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学叶轮机械研究所,西安,710049
- 作者简介：
  
  : 2023-10-07。作者简介: 赵欣悦(2000—),女,硕士生
  李军(通信作者),男,教授,博士生导师。基金项目: 国家科技重大专项资助项目(J2019-Ⅱ-0010-0030,J2019-Ⅱ-0011-0031)。
- 基金信息：
  
  : 2023-10-07。作者简介: 赵欣悦(2000—),女,硕士生;李军(通信作者),男,教授,博士生导师。基金项目: 国家科技重大专项资助项目(J2019-Ⅱ-0010-0030,J2019-Ⅱ-0011-0031)。
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202405011
  中图分类号： TK474.7
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
赵欣悦, 雷隆, 李志刚, 等. 燃气透平轮缘密封流动特性和气动性能[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2024,58(5):111-123.

ZHAO Xinyue, LEI Long, LI Zhigang, et al. Research on Flow Characteristics of Rim Seal and Aerodynamic Performance of Gas Turbine Stage[J]. 2024, 58(5): 111-123.
赵欣悦, 雷隆, 李志刚, 等. 燃气透平轮缘密封流动特性和气动性能[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2024,58(5):111-123. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202405011.

ZHAO Xinyue, LEI Long, LI Zhigang, et al. Research on Flow Characteristics of Rim Seal and Aerodynamic Performance of Gas Turbine Stage[J]. 2024, 58(5): 111-123. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202405011.

摘要

轮缘密封是二次空气系统的重要组成部分

能有效抑制燃气入侵盘腔

但过量的封严冷气进入主流会显著影响透平气动性能。采用数值求解三维非定常雷诺时均纳维斯托克斯(URANS)方程组和剪切应力传输(SST)k-ω湍流模型的方法研究了燃气透平轮缘密封流动特性和气动性能。数值模拟得到的轮缘密封封严效率与实验数据吻合良好

验证了数值计算方法的可靠性。研究了3种封严冷气量下的透平轮缘密封的封严效率和气动性能

分析了透平静动盘腔的流场结构和燃气入侵与冷气出流特性。仿真结果表明:在所研究的3种封严冷气流量下

轮缘密封内腔完全封严

较小的封严冷气流量能使末级透平轮缘密封达到较高封严效率; 在最小冷气流量时外腔动盘面平均封严效率比静盘面高4.4%。对于末级透平

主流周向压力不均匀分布导致的外环诱导入侵占主导

且动叶前缘附近压力场对燃气入侵的影响大于静叶尾迹压力场。封严冷气质量流量比每增大1.0%

透平级总总效率降低约1.0%

相对动盘壁面封严效率的影响

封严冷气流量对动叶气动性能的影响更大; 出流冷气的流动方向相对主流在切向上滞后

使掺混气流以负攻角冲击动叶吸力面前缘

吸力面前缘压力增大。该工作可为轮缘密封流动特性及其对透平级气动性能影响的研究提供参考。

Abstract

As an important component of the secondary air system in gas turbines

rim seal can effectively prevent the gas ingestion. However

the excessive cooling air significantly affects the aerodynamic performance of turbine stage due to the coolant egress and mixing with the mainstream through rim seal. The flow characteristics of rim seal and aerodynamic performance of turbine stage was numerically investigated using three-dimensional unsteady Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes(URANS)and shear stress transfer(SST)k-ω turbulence model. The numerical sealing effectiveness of rim seal is consistent with the experimental data. The accuracy of the employed numerical method is validated. The flow characteristics of the rim seal and aerodynamic performance of turbine stage is studied at three different coolant flow rates. The flow pattern in the stator-rotor cavity

gas ingestion and coolant egress characteristics are analyzed. The obtained results show that the inner cavity of the rim seal is completely sealed at three coolant flow rates. A lower coolant flow rate for the last stage can achieve a higher sealing effectiveness of rim seal. The average sealing effectiveness of the outer cavity rotor disk is 4.4% higher than that of the stator disk at the lowest coolant flow rate. For the last stage of turbine

externally-induced ingress caused by the uneven distribution of mainstream circumferential pressure is dominant and the pressure field near the leading edge of blades has a greater impact on gas ingestion than the pressure field at the wake of vanes. For every 1.0% increase in coolant mass flow ratio

the total-to-total efficiency of the turbine stage decreases by around 1.0%. The impact of cooling air outflow from the rim seal on the aerodynamic performance of downstream blades is greater. The flow direction of the egress lags behind the mainstream in the tangential direction

causing the mixed airflow to strike the leading edge of the suction surface of blades at a negative angle of attack

and increasing the pressure on the leading edge of the suction surface. This research can provide a reference for studying the flow characteristics of rim seal and its impact on the aerodynamic performance of turbine stage.

关键词

Keywords

references

REID K, DENTON J, PULLAN G, et al. The effect of stator-rotor hub sealing flow on the mainstream aerodynamics of a turbine [C]//ASME Turbo Expo 2006: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. New York, NY, USA: ASME, 2006: 789-798.

OWEN J M. Prediction of ingestion through turbine rim seals: part Ⅰ rotationally induced ingress [J]. Journal of Turbomachinery, 2011, 133(3): 031005.

OWEN J M. Prediction of ingestion through turbine rim seals: part Ⅱ externally induced and combined ingress [J]. Journal of Turbomachinery, 2010, 133(3): 031006.

OWEN J M. Theoretical modelling of hot gas ingestion through turbine rim seals [J]. Propulsion and Power Research, 2012, 1(1): 1-11.

SANGAN C M, LALWANI Y, OWEN J M, et al. Fluid dynamics of a gas turbine wheel-space with ingestion [J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers: Part A Journal of Power and Energy, 2014, 228(5): 508-524.

SCOBIE J A, SANGAN C M, OWEN J M, et al. Review of ingress in gas turbines [J]. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 2016, 138(12): 120801.

BOHN D E, DECKER A, OHLENDORF N, et al. Influence of an axial and radial rim seal geometry on hot gas ingestion into the upstream cavity of a 1.5-stage turbine [C]//ASME Turbo Expo 2006: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. New York, NY, USA: ASME, 2006: 1413-1422.

SANGAN C M, POUNTNEY O J, ZHOU Kunyuan, et al. Experimental measurements of ingestion through turbine rim seals: part Ⅰ externally induced ingress [J]. Journal of Turbomachinery, 2013, 135(2): 021012.

SANGAN C M, POUNTNEY O J, ZHOU Kunyuan, et al. Experimental measurements of ingestion through turbine rim seals: part Ⅱ rotationally induced ingress [J]. Journal of Turbomachinery, 2013, 135(2): 021013.

BEARD P F, GAO Feng, CHANA K S, et al. Unsteady flow phenomena in turbine rim seals [J]. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 2017, 139(3): 032501.

GRAIKOS D, TANG Hui, SANGAN C M, et al. A new interpretation of hot gas ingress through turbine rim seals influenced by mainstream annulus swirl [J]. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 2022, 144(11): 111005.

程舒娴, 李军. 12-20.

CHENG Shuxian, LI Jun. Numerical investigation for ingestion characteristics of 1.5-stage turbine rim seal [J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2018, 52(5): 12-20.

丛庆丰, 李志刚, 程舒娴, 等. 涡轮径向轮缘密封非定常燃气入侵和封严效率的数值研究 [J]. 推进技术, 2022, 43(6): 83-93.

CONG Qingfeng, LI Zhigang, CHENG Shuxian, et al. Numerical investigations on unsteady gas ingestions and sealing effectiveness of turbine radial rim seal [J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 2022, 43(6): 83-93.

GREEN T, TURNER A B. Ingestion into the upstream wheelspace of an axial turbine stage [J]. Journal of Turbomachinery, 1994, 116(2): 327-332.

BOHN D E, DECKER A, MA Hongwei, et al. Influence of sealing air mass flow on the velocity distribution in and inside the rim seal of the upstream cavity of a 1.5-stage turbine [C]//ASME Turbo Expo 2003, collocated with the 2003 International Joint Power Generation Conference. New York, NY, USA: ASME, 2003: 1033-1040.

GRAIKOS D, CARNEVALE M, SANGAN C M, et al. Influence of flow coefficient on ingress through turbine rim seals [J]. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 2021, 143(11): 111010.

DE COSMO G, SCOBIE J A, LOCK G D, et al. Fluid dynamics of turbine rim seal structures: a physical interpretation using URANS [J]. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 2023, 145(3): 031009.

张灵俊, 罗翔, 余鸿鹏, 等. 1.5级涡轮实验台前腔燃气入侵实验 [J]. 航空动力学报, 2013, 28(12): 2746-2751.

ZHANG Lingjun, LUO Xiang, YU Hongpeng, et al. Experiment on gas ingestion on forward disk cavity of 1.5 stage turbine rig [J]. Journal of Aerospace Power, 2013, 28(12): 2746-2751.

陶加银, 高庆, 宋立明, 等. 涡轮轮缘密封非定常主流入侵特性的数值研究 [J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2014, 48(1): 53-59.

TAO Jiayin, GAO Qing, SONG Liming, et al. Numerical investigations on unsteady mainstream ingestion characteristics of turbine rim seals [J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2014, 48(1): 53-59.

ONG J, MILLER R J, UCHIDA S. The effect of coolant injection on the endwall flow of a high pressure turbine [J]. Journal of Turbomachinery, 2012, 134(5): 051003.

POPOVIC I, HODSON H P. Aerothermal impact of the interaction between hub leakage and mainstream flows in highly-loaded high pressure turbine blades [J]. Journal of Turbomachinery, 2013, 135(6): 061014.

贾惟. 轮毂封严与高负荷涡轮端区流动的非定常相互作用 [J]. 推进技术, 2017, 38(12): 2674-2685.

JIA Wei. Unsteady interaction between purge flow and endwall flow in highly-loaded turbines [J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 2017, 38(12): 2674-2685.

HORWOOD J T M, HUALCA F P, WILSON M, et al. Unsteady computation of ingress through turbine rim seals [C]//ASME Turbo Expo 2018: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. New York, NY, USA: ASME, 2018: V05BT15A012.

程舒娴, 李志刚, 李军. 端壁造型对轮缘密封流场和封严效率的影响 [J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2019, 53(3): 20-27.

CHENG Shuxian, LI Zhigang, LI Jun. Effects of endwall profiling on the unsteady flow field and sealing efficiency of rim seal [J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2019, 53(3): 20-27.

SCOBIE J A, HUALCA F P, PATINIOS M, et al. Re-ingestion of upstream egress in a 1.5-stage gas turbine rig [J]. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 2018, 140(7): 072507.

CONG Qingfeng, ZHANG Kaiyuan, LI Zhigang, et al. Numerical investigations on gas ingestion mechanism based on flow instabilities in rim seal and cooling characteristics of endwall in a 1.5-stage axial turbine [J]. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 2023, 145(5): 051001.

雷隆, 丛庆丰, 郭粲, 等. 1.5级燃气透平轮缘密封非定常流动特征和封严效率的数值研究 [J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2023, 57(10): 64-77.

LEI Long, CONG Qingfeng, GUO Can, et al. Numerical investigation on the unsteady flow characteristics and sealing effectiveness of rim seals in a 1.5-stage gas turbine [J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2023, 57(10): 64-77.

浏览量

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

离散气膜孔与间隙冷气掺混作用下燃气透平叶栅端壁气动特性研究

间隙阻尼结构对轮缘密封封严效率和气动性能影响的数值研究

间隙变化对轮缘密封泄漏流动特性的影响

透平双重径向轮缘密封非定常燃气入侵特性研究

叶顶凹槽对燃气透平动叶气动性能及叶顶传热的影响