延安石油开采对周边黄土污染的调查分析

刘培; 梁继东; 高伟; 贺延龄

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延安石油开采对周边黄土污染的调查分析

更新时间：2025-07-09

- 延安石油开采对周边黄土污染的调查分析
- Investigation of Soil Contamination Caused by Petroleum Exploitation in Yan'an
- 西安交通大学学报 2011年45卷第7期页码：123-128
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学环境科学与工程系,西安,710049
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  : 2010-12-27. 作者简介: 刘培(1982-),女,硕士生;梁继东(联系人),女,博士,讲师. 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(20907036);国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(20936004);西安交通大学校长科研基金资助项目(2008)
- DOI：
  中图分类号： X825
- 网络首发：2011-07-10，
  
  纸质出版：2011
- 稿件说明：
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刘培, 梁继东, 高伟, 等. 延安石油开采对周边黄土污染的调查分析[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2011,45(7):123-128.

Investigation of Soil Contamination Caused by Petroleum Exploitation in Yan'an[J]. 2011, 45(7): 123-128.
刘培, 梁继东, 高伟, 等. 延安石油开采对周边黄土污染的调查分析[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2011,45(7):123-128. DOI：

Investigation of Soil Contamination Caused by Petroleum Exploitation in Yan'an[J]. 2011, 45(7): 123-128. DOI：

摘要

为了探明陕北地区石油开采对周围黄土的污染状况

分别采集了延安市宝塔区姚店镇上童沟油井、王庄油井、李渠镇刺崖沟油井附近的土壤

测定了土壤的可溶有机质和总烃含量

并用气相色谱-质谱联机法(GC-MS)分析了土壤中的正构烷烃的组成及分布特征.结果表明:所查地区可溶有机质含量较高

且不同采样点的含量相差很大

平均含量分布在3 561～46 725 mg/kg之间; 总烃平均含量分布在 2 097～ 13 488 mg/kg之间

其中上童沟油井周围土壤总烃污染最为严重

最高含量是当地土壤背景值的27倍.由调查地区正构烷烃的碳数分布显示

土壤中烃类污染物主要来源于成熟原油及其衍生物

部分地区烃类污染来源为原油和高等植物蜡的混合物.

Abstract

In order to investigate the loess soil contamination caused by petroleum exploitation in the north of Shaanxi province

three groups of soil samples around local oil wells at different sites were collected

and the extractable organic matter(EOM)and the total petroleum hydrocarbon(TPH)were measured. The characteristics of the composition and distribution of normal alkane(n-alkanes)in the soil samples were analyzed by GC-MS. The results show that EOM in the loess soil was quite high and these three groups of samples had clear differences in the EOM concentration

with the average range from 3 561 mg/kg to 46 725 mg/kg

showing that the loess soil was polluted by the alkanes during the process of oil exploitation. The TPH concentration in the three different groups of samples varied from 2 097 mg/kg to 13 488 mg/kg

and its highest value was 27 times the value of the background TPH concentration. The carbon number distribution of normal alkanes indicates that TPH is mainly from crude oil and its products in most of the areas while from the mixture of crude oil and advanced vegetable wax in some areas.

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