多态反共振协同型薄膜声学超材料低频隔声性能

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多态反共振协同型薄膜声学超材料低频隔声性能

更新时间：2025-07-09

- 多态反共振协同型薄膜声学超材料低频隔声性能
- Issue 1, Pages: 64-74(2020)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西安交通大学机械工程学院
  2. 无锡吉兴汽车声学部件科技有限公司声学研究院
  3. 中北大学机电工程学院
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：
  CLC： TB535
- Published：2020
- 稿件说明：
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[J]. 2020, (1): 64-74.
DOI：

[J]. 2020, (1): 64-74. DOI：

摘要

针对普通声学材料无法有效衰减车内低频噪声的问题

提出一种摆臂式轻质薄膜型声学超材料结构设计形式

通过在子单胞内引入多态反共振模式实现了低频隔声频带的拓宽及隔声量的提高。该超材料以柔性乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)材料作为框架

并将4个金属薄片和1个十字形EVA摆臂贴附在0.2 mm厚的聚酰亚胺(PI)薄膜表面构造成谐振部分。通过对超单胞的声传递损失(STL)、多态反共振模式和负等效参数的分析

揭示了STL带宽的拓宽机理;基于超单胞结构衍生设计了大尺寸的柔性隔声超材料

并将大尺寸超材料样件装配到汽车发动机机罩内进行实车降噪测试

通过"混响室-消声室"隔声实验和实车降噪测试进一步预估了超材料对低频噪声的衰减能力。研究结果表明:子单胞间的多态反共振协同模式能调制超单胞处于连续的动态平衡状态

促使低频入射与反射声波相互抵消

从而改善了隔声带宽和隔声量;所设计的超材料可使车内1 kHz以下的发动机噪声平均衰减达3 dB(A)

为低频宽带隔声材料的设计提供了一种新的思路

在控制低频噪声方面具有潜在的工程化应用前景。

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references

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