小型高速氖气离心压缩机设计与性能优化研究

杨潇翎; 张倍毓; 刘畅; 逯婉若; 马元; 陈双涛; 陈良; 侯予

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202609000

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小型高速氖气离心压缩机设计与性能优化研究

更新时间：2026-06-16

- 小型高速氖气离心压缩机设计与性能优化研究
- Design and Performance Optimization of a Small-Scale High-Speed Neon Gas Centrifugal Compressor
- 西安交通大学学报 2026年
- 作者机构：
  
  1.西安交通大学深低温技术与装备教育部重点实验室，710049，西安
  2.西安航天动力研究所，710010，西安
  3.北京空间飞行器总体设计部，100094，北京
  4.航天器热控全国重点实验室，100094，北京
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202609000
  中图分类号： TB652
- 收稿：2026-02-11，
  
  修回：2026-06-03，
  
  录用：2026-06-04，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
杨潇翎, 张倍毓, 刘畅, 等. 小型高速氖气离心压缩机设计与性能优化研究[J/OL]. 西安交通大学学报, 2026.

YANG Xiaoling, ZHANG Beiyu, LIU Chang, et al. Design and Performance Optimization of a Small-Scale High-Speed Neon Gas Centrifugal Compressor[J/OL]. JOURNAL OF XI’AN JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY, 2026.
杨潇翎, 张倍毓, 刘畅, 等. 小型高速氖气离心压缩机设计与性能优化研究[J/OL]. 西安交通大学学报, 2026. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202609000.

YANG Xiaoling, ZHANG Beiyu, LIU Chang, et al. Design and Performance Optimization of a Small-Scale High-Speed Neon Gas Centrifugal Compressor[J/OL]. JOURNAL OF XI’AN JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY, 2026. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202609000.

摘要

针对低温逆布雷顿制冷系统高效紧凑化发展对氖气高速离心压缩机性能提升的迫切需求，开展了氖气高速离心压缩机的设计与性能优化研究。采用三维黏性计算流体动力学与熵产率分析方法，对压缩机流道进行数值仿真与损失分析，并利用实验测试了压缩机性能。在此基础上，对子午面型线、叶片型线采用遗传算法进行优化，并分析了叶片前缘倾角及叶顶间隙参数变化的影响。研究结果表明：所建立的压缩机模型计算结果与实验结果基本一致，压比和等熵效率的最大偏差分别为1.3%和2.4%。氖气压缩机效率较低的主要原因是叶顶间隙引起的泄漏涡及其与主流掺混所形成的涡流。熵产率分析显示，叶轮通道顶层的熵产占叶轮总熵产的55.1%。优化叶型通过减小流道长度、降低叶片顶部表面压力差实现效率提升，最终使得氖气压缩机的等熵效率达到75.4%，较初始设计提升了4.9%。

Abstract

To meet the pressing need for high-performance

compact neon gas high-speed centrifugal compressors in cryogenic reverse-Brayton refrigeration system

this study presents the design and performance optimization of neon gas compressor. Three-dimensional viscous-flow CFD coupled with entropy-generation analysis is employed to simulate the internal flow and quantify losses

and the numerical predictions are validated against experimental data. Based on this

the meridional profile and blade geometry were optimized using a genetic algorithm

and the effects of blade leading-edge inclination angle and tip clearance were analyzed. The results show that the compressor model predictions agree well with the experimental data

with maximum deviations of 1.3% and 2.4% for the pressure ratio and isentropic efficiency

respectively. The compressor's low efficiency is primarily attributed to the tip-clearance leakage vortex and the secondary vortices arising from its interaction with the mainstream. Entropy-generation analysis reveals that the shroud-side region accounts for 55.1 % of the total entropy generation within the impeller. The optimized blade geometry improves efficiency by shortening the flow path and reducing the pressure differential across the blade tip. Ultimately

the isentropic efficiency is raised to 75.4 %

an improvement of 4.9 percentage points over the initial design.

关键词

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