金属丝电爆炸晕层等离子体密度的激光色散干涉诊断方法

赵一鸣; 吴坚; 郑中阳; 姜志远; 王威; 王振宇

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202608015

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

金属丝电爆炸晕层等离子体密度的激光色散干涉诊断方法

更新时间：2026-07-28

- 金属丝电爆炸晕层等离子体密度的激光色散干涉诊断方法
- Laser Dispersion Interferometry Method for the Diagnosis of Corona Plasma Density in Electrical Explosion of Wires
- 西安交通大学学报 2026年60卷第8期页码：170-180
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学电工材料电气绝缘全国重点实验室，710049，西安
  国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院，211103，南京
- 作者简介：
  
  作者简介：赵一鸣（1996-），男，博士生；
  吴坚（通信作者），男，教授，博士生导师。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金资助项目(523B2071);强脉冲辐射环境模拟与效应全国重点实验室开放基金资助项目(NKLIPR2409)
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202608015
  中图分类号： TM836
- 收稿：2026-01-30，
  
  网络首发：2026-04-14，
  
  纸质出版：2026-08-10
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
赵一鸣, 吴坚, 郑中阳, 等. 金属丝电爆炸晕层等离子体密度的激光色散干涉诊断方法[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2026,60(8):170-180.

ZHAO Yiming, WU Jian, ZHENG Zhongyang, et al. Laser Dispersion Interferometry Method for the Diagnosis of Corona Plasma Density in Electrical Explosion of Wires[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(8): 170-180.
赵一鸣, 吴坚, 郑中阳, 等. 金属丝电爆炸晕层等离子体密度的激光色散干涉诊断方法[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2026,60(8):170-180. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202608015.

ZHAO Yiming, WU Jian, ZHENG Zhongyang, et al. Laser Dispersion Interferometry Method for the Diagnosis of Corona Plasma Density in Electrical Explosion of Wires[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(8): 170-180. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202608015.

摘要

针对金属丝电爆炸中，晕层等离子体密度结构与时空演化对能量沉积及不稳定性的影响，基于激光色散干涉原理研制了一套具有高灵敏度与连续时间分辨能力的电子密度诊断系统，以实现对低密度晕层等离子体参数的精确连续测量。利用1064 nm与532 nm双波长共轴传播及磷酸钛氧钾晶体倍频技术，实现了无需参考臂的共光路稳定测量。通过对银单丝电爆炸过程的多点诊断，成功获取了径向4、12、15 mm处，晕层等离子体的电子密度随时间的演化数据。研究结果表明：系统的电子线密度测量下限可达10

-2

数量级，测量误差小于5%，相较于传统的马赫-曾德尔干涉法提升了近2个数量级，具备在强电磁干扰环境下，对低密度等离子体的精准诊断能力。随着径向距离从4 mm增加至15 mm，电子密度峰值从8.5×10

-2

下降至0.7×10

-2

；根据探针距离计算得出晕层前沿平均膨胀速度约为82.7 km·s

-1

，并反推得到等离子体有效产生时刻约为34 ns，证实了晕层等离子体的形成先于电压波形的崩塌时刻，在金属丝核心发生剧烈相变前，表面已率先形成低密度的导电通道。该结果为深入理解初期的电流分流机制，及后期不稳定性发展的初始扰动源提供了关键的实验依据，为建立精确的金属丝电爆炸的芯晕结构模型奠定基础。

Abstract

To investigate the influence of corona plasma density structure and spatiotemporal evolution on energy deposition and instability in the electrical explosion of wires

an electron density diagnostic system with high sensitivity and continuous temporal resolution was developed based on the principle of laser dispersion interferometry

to achieve accurate and continuous measurement of low-density corona plasma parameters. By utilizing the coaxial propagation of 1064 nm and 532 nm dual-wavelength lasers and the frequency doubling technique of pota

ssium titanyl phosphate (KTP) crystal

stable common-path measurement without a reference arm was achieved. Multi-point diagnosis was carried out on the electrical explosion process of single silver wires

and the temporal evolution data of electron density of corona plasma at radial distances of 4 mm

12 mm and 15 mm were acquired. The results show that the lower detection limit of the system for electron line density reaches the order of 10

-2

with a measurement error of less than 5%.Compared with traditional Mach-Zehnder interferometry

the detection performance is improved by nearly two orders of magnitude

enabling accurate diagnosis of low-density plasma in strong electromagnetic interference environments. As the radial distance increased from 4 mm to 15 mm

the peak electron density decreased from 8.5×10

-2

to 0.7×10

-2

.Based on the probe distances

the average expansion velocity of the corona front was calculated to be approximately 82.7 km·s

-1

and the effective generation time of plasma was inversely deduced to be about 34 ns. It was confirmed that the formation of the corona plasma precedes the collapse of the voltage waveform

and that a low-density conductive channel is preferentially formed on the wire surface before the violent phase transition of the wire core. These results provide crucial experimental evidence for an in-depth understanding of the early current shunting mechanism and the initial perturbation source of subsequent instability development

and lay a foundation for an accurate core-corona structure model for electrical explosion of wires.

关键词

Keywords

references

邱爱慈，吴坚，孙凤举，等.Z箍缩动力学行为及其直接驱动型脉冲源研究进展[J].中国电机工程学报，2024，44（17）：7007-7023.

Qiu Aici, Wu Jian, Sun Fengju, et al. Research progress on Z-pinch dynamics and its direct-driven pulsed power technology[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2024, 44 (17): 7007-7023.

吴坚，李兴文，邱爱慈，等.金属丝电爆炸研究进展：Ⅰ真空环境[J].高电压技术，2018，44（6）：1898-1906.

Wu Jian, Li Xingwen, Qiu Aici, et al. Review of electrical exploding wires: Ⅰ in vacuum[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2018, 44 (6): 1898-1906.

李兴文，晁攸闯，吴坚，等.水中金属丝电爆炸冲击波一维数值模拟[J].西安交通大学学报，2015, 49（4）:1-5.

Li Xingwen, Chao Youchuang, Wu Jian, et al. Onedimensional simulation for shock waves generated by underwater electrical wire explosion[J].Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University,2015,49（4）:1-5.

陈紫维，吴坚，姜志远，等.铝单丝在可调预脉冲作用下的Z箍缩动力学行为实验和数值模拟研究[J].中国科学：物理学力学天文学，2023，53（7）：40-50.

Chen Ziwei, Wu Jian, Jiang Zhiyuan, et al. Experimental and numerical studies on the dynamic behavior of single aluminum wire Z-pinch co-driven by the adjustable prepulse and main pulse currents[J]. Scientia Sinica (Physica, Mechanica & Astronomica), 2023, 53 (7): 40-50.

Lebedev S V, Beg F N, Bland S N, et al. Effect of discrete wires on the implosion dynamics of wire array Z pinches[J].Physics of Plasmas,2001,8（8）:3734-3747.

姜志远，卢元博，王威，等.耦合旋转回流柱的Z箍缩动态轴向磁化模型及其结构优化方法[J].西安交通大学学报，2025，59（5）：198-208.

Jiang Zhiyuan, Lu Yuanbo, Wang Wei, et al. Z-pinch dynamic axial magnetization model of coupled rotating reflux column and its structural optimization method[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2025, 59 (5)：198-208.

Zhao Yiming, Wu Jian, Jiang Zhiyuan, et al. Electron density measurement in low-density plasma of electrical wire explosion using a shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor[J].Review of Scientific Instruments,2025, 96（9）:093506.

徐跃生.激光等离子体干涉实验诊断研究[D].南京：南京理工大学，2007.

Mao Zhiguo, Zou Xiaobing, Wang Xinxin, et al. Evolution of the electrically exploding wire observed with a Mach-Zehnder interferometer [J]. Applied Physics Letters,2009,94（18）:181501.

Nejdl J， https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=114120639&type= https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=114120639&type=small https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=114120639&type=middle J， https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=114120624&type= https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=114120624&type=small https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=114120624&type=middle K，et al. Imaging Michelson interferometer for a low-density gasjet characterization [J ] .Review of Scientific Instruments，2019, 90（6）：065107.

Liu Yong, Schmuck S, Zhao Hailin, et al. A Michelson interferometer for electron cyclotron emission measurements onEAST [J].Plasma Science and Technology, 2016,18（12）:1148-1154.

Qi Niansheng, Prasad R R, Campbell K, et al. Laser wavefront analyzer for imploding plasma density and current profile measurements[J].Review of Scientific Instruments,2004,75（10）:3442-3445.

Qi Niansheng, Fulghum S F, Prasad R R, et al. Space and time resolved electron density and current measurements in a dense plasma focus Z-pinch [J].IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 1998, 26（4）：1127-1137.

Qi Niansheng, Schein J, Thompson J, et al. Z pinch imploding plasma density profile measurements using a two-frame laser shearing interferometer [J].IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science,2002,30（1）:227-238.

Inada Y, Kamiya T, Matsuoka S, et al. Two-dimensional electron density visualization over plasma flare in vacuum breakdown process [J].Journal of Applied Physics,2018,124（8）:083301.

Inada Y, Aono K, Ono R, et al. Two-dimensional electron density measurement of pulsed positive primary streamer discharge in atmospheric-pressure air [J]. Journal of Physics: D Applied Physics,2017,50（17）:174005.

Inada Y, Shioda T, Nakamura R, et al. Direct combinational measurements of the electron density and electric field in secondary streamer discharge under atmospheric-pressure air [J]. Physical Review Letters, 2025,135（24）:245301.

Hopf F A, Tomita A, Al-Jumaily G.Second-harmonic interferometers[J].Optics Letters,1980,5（9）:386.

Fulghum S F, Tilleman M M.Interferometric calorimeter for the measurement of water-vapor absorption [J]. Journal of the Optical Society of America B,1991, 8（12）:2401-2413.

Licht V, Bluhm H.A sensitive dispersion interferometer with high temporal resolution for electron density measurements [J].Review of Scientific Instruments, 2000,71（7）:2710-2715.

Hines N R, Patel S, Scoglietti D, et al. A fibercoupled dispersion interferometer for density measurements of pulsed power transmission line electron sheaths on Sandia's Z machine [J].Review of Scientific Instruments,2022,93（11）:113505.

Chavez C T, Egly A, Sepulveda I, et al. Measurement of 2D density profiles using a second-harmonic, dispersion interferometer [J]. Review of Scientific Instruments,2023,94（2）:023503.

汪伟，张海裕，柯链宝，等.分焦平面式偏振相机偏振误差分析及偏振定标[J].光子学报，2024，53（9）：28-39.

Wang Wei, Zhang Haiyu, Ke Lianbao, et al. Polarization error analysis and polarization calibration method for division of focal-plane polarimeter camera[J]. Acta Photonica Sinica, 2024, 53 (9): 28-39.

蒲先坤.偏振相机阵列计算成像及应用研究[D].合肥：合肥工业大学，2024.

卢波，史少平，高丽，等.mHz—MHz频段低噪声高增益平衡光电探测器实验研究[J].物理学报，2025， 74（18）：399-408.

Lu Bo, Shi Shaoping, Gao Li, et al. Experimental research on low-noise and high-gain balanced detectors in mHz—MHz band[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2025, 74 (18): 399-408.

浏览量

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

采用多目标遗传算法的无线电能传输双层异质磁芯结构优化设计

布西内斯克近似下速度-压力全耦合求解的伪瞬态延拓方法

采用多场景多目标鲁棒优化的矩阵式单元制造系统生产-物流联动调度

锂离子电池枝晶内短路的电热特性研究

采用双树复小波变换的可解释机械故障诊断方法