面向神经递质多巴胺检测的原位ZnS/石墨烯电化学传感器

余浩; 车琪; 韩昱亭; 马延昊; 季欣; 艾玎; 成永红

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202608013

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面向神经递质多巴胺检测的原位ZnS/石墨烯电化学传感器

更新时间：2026-07-28

- 面向神经递质多巴胺检测的原位ZnS/石墨烯电化学传感器
- AnIn-Situ Constructed ZnS/Graphene Electrochemical Sensor for Neurotransmitter Dopamine Detection
- 西安交通大学学报 2026年60卷第8期页码：149-159
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学电工材料电气绝缘全国重点实验室，710049，西安
- 作者简介：
  
  作者简介：余浩（1997-），男，博士生；
  艾玎（通信作者），女，副教授，博士生导师。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金资助项目(52577243);中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(xzy012024004)
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202608013
  中图分类号： TM23
- 收稿：2026-03-03，
  
  网络首发：2026-04-15，
  
  纸质出版：2026-08-10
- 稿件说明：
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余浩, 车琪, 韩昱亭, 等. 面向神经递质多巴胺检测的原位ZnS/石墨烯电化学传感器[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2026,60(8):149-159.

YU Hao, CHE Qi, HAN Yuting, et al. AnIn-Situ Constructed ZnS/Graphene Electrochemical Sensor for Neurotransmitter Dopamine Detection[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(8): 149-159. DOI: 10.7652/xjtuxb202608013.
余浩, 车琪, 韩昱亭, 等. 面向神经递质多巴胺检测的原位ZnS/石墨烯电化学传感器[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2026,60(8):149-159. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202608013.

YU Hao, CHE Qi, HAN Yuting, et al. AnIn-Situ Constructed ZnS/Graphene Electrochemical Sensor for Neurotransmitter Dopamine Detection[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(8): 149-159. DOI: 10.7652/xjtuxb202608013. DOI：

摘要

针对临床诊断与生理学研究中对多巴胺超痕量、即时检测（POCT）的需求，为克服传统器件灵敏度受限与工程可靠性低的难题，研制了一种基于ZnS/石墨烯异质结的多巴胺电化学传感器，实现了100 pmol/L级超低检出限。采用无转移原位构建策略，通过化学气相沉积在蓝宝石基底直接生长少层石墨烯，然后利用受控氧等离子体改性结合脉冲电沉积工艺，实现了ZnS纳米晶在石墨烯表面沿（111）晶面为主的致密、择优取向生长。研究结果表明：原位异质结的形成有利于界面电荷转移，同时避免了传统转移工艺引入的界面污染风险；构建的多巴胺电化学传感器检测性能优异，动态响应范围覆盖1×10

-4

～1×10

μmol/L，且具有高稳定性以及高浓度尿酸和抗坏血酸等干扰下的优异选择性；在胎牛血清实际样本检测中，加标回收率可达96.0%～102.4%。该研究可为生理体液中多巴胺的超痕量检测提供一种微纳器件方案，为进一步研制低成本、高精度的集成化POCT医疗终端构筑了核心硬件基础，在基层医疗与个人健康管理领域具有重要的应用前景。

Abstract

To meet the demand for the ultra-trace point-of-care testing (POCT) of dopamine in clinical diagnosis and physiological research

and to address the limited sensitivity and poor engineering reliability of conventional devices

a dopamine electrochemical sensor based on a ZnS/graphene heterojunction was developed

achieving an ultra-low detection limit at the 100 pmol/L level. A transfer-free

in-situ

construction strategy was adopted. Few-layer graphene was directly grown on a sapphire substrate via chemical vapor deposition. Subsequently

highly dense

preferentially oriented growth of ZnS nanocrystals

predominantly along the

(111) plane

was achieved on the graphene surface using controlled oxygen plasma modification combined with pulsed electrodeposition. The results demonstrate that the formation of the in-situ heterojunction facilitates interfacial charge transfer and avoids the risk of interfacial contamination introduced by conventional transfer processes. The fabricated dopamine electrochemical sensor exhibits excellent detection performance

featuring a broad dynamic response range from 1 × 10

-4

to 1 × 10

μmol/L

along with high stability and excellent selectivity against interferences from high concentrations of uric acid and ascorbic acid. Furthermore

the spiked recovery rates ranged from 96.0% to 102.4% in real-sample analysis using fetal bovine serum. This study provides a micro-nano device solution for the ultra-trace detection of dopamine in physiological fluids

lays a core hardware foundation for the further development of low-cost

high-precision integrated POCT medical terminals

and demonstrates significant application prospects in primary healthcare and personalized health management.

关键词

Keywords

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