预燃室喷孔参数对船用氨/氢射流点火发动机燃烧特性的影响

曾亚杰; 魏胜利; 严书哲; 于志清; 李元辰; 敖成成

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202606015

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预燃室喷孔参数对船用氨/氢射流点火发动机燃烧特性的影响

专题　燃烧调控 | 更新时间：2026-06-12

- 预燃室喷孔参数对船用氨/氢射流点火发动机燃烧特性的影响
- Influence of Pre-Chamber Nozzle Parameters on the Combustion Characteristics of a Marine Ammonia/Hydrogen Jet Ignition Engine
- 西安交通大学学报 2026年60卷第6期页码：177-187
- 作者机构：
  
  江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院，212013，江苏镇江
  哈尔滨工程大学动力与能源工程学院，150001，哈尔滨
- 作者简介：
  
  作者简介：曾亚杰（1999—），男，硕士生；
  魏胜利（通信作者），男，教授，硕士生导师。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金资助项目(52206148)
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202606015
  中图分类号： TK432
- 收稿：2025-09-04，
  
  纸质出版：2026-06-10
- 稿件说明：
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曾亚杰, 魏胜利, 严书哲, 等. 预燃室喷孔参数对船用氨/氢射流点火发动机燃烧特性的影响[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2026,60(6):177-187.

ZENG Yajie, WEI Shengli, YAN Shuzhe, et al. Influence of Pre-Chamber Nozzle Parameters on the Combustion Characteristics of a Marine Ammonia/Hydrogen Jet Ignition Engine[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(6): 177-187.
曾亚杰, 魏胜利, 严书哲, 等. 预燃室喷孔参数对船用氨/氢射流点火发动机燃烧特性的影响[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2026,60(6):177-187. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202606015.

ZENG Yajie, WEI Shengli, YAN Shuzhe, et al. Influence of Pre-Chamber Nozzle Parameters on the Combustion Characteristics of a Marine Ammonia/Hydrogen Jet Ignition Engine[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(6): 177-187. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202606015.

摘要

针对主动射流点火系统中预燃室结构参数对射流和燃烧特性的影响规律尚未明晰的问题，构建了耦合RANS RNG湍流模型与氨/氢燃料化学反应动力学机理的船用射流点火发动机数值模型，探究了预燃室喷孔参数对预燃室内混合气发展过程的影响规律，阐明了不同喷孔参数影响下发动机的燃烧特性。研究结果表明：喷孔直径对预燃室混合气质量与射流能量传递效率影响显著，直径过小易因节流效应产生淬熄现象，直径过大会稀释混合气，降低燃烧效率；喷孔个数直接影响着射流火焰的传播与相互作用，过少时火焰传播不充分，过多则导致射流相互干扰、能量衰减和穿透速度下降；喷孔夹角过小或过大均会导致火焰分布不均或传播速度下降；对于本研究中的预燃室结构，选取喷孔直径为3mm、喷孔个数为8、喷孔夹角为140°的方案时，射流火焰能量最高，主燃室单位曲轴转角下的放热率峰值达22.7 kJ，燃烧效率最高。该研究可为船用发动机预燃室射流点火系统的优化设计提供理论依据及实际参考。

Abstract

As the influence law of the pre-chamber’s structural parameters on jet and combustion characteristics in the activejet ignition system remains unclear，a numerical model for a marinejet ignition engine was established by coupling the RANS RNG turbulence model with a chemical reaction kinetics mechanism of ammonia/hydrogen fuel.With this model，the influence law of pre-chamber nozzle parameters on the mixture development process inside the pre-chamber was explored，and combustion characteristics of the engine under different nozzle parameters were clarified.Study results showed that the nozzle diameter significantly affected the mass of the mixture in the pre-chamber and the efficiency of jet energy transfer，that is，too small diameters tended to induce quenching due to throttling effects，whereas too large diameters caused mixture dilution，thus reducing combustion efficiency.The number of nozzles directly influencedjet flame propagation and interaction，too few nozzles produced insufficient flame spread，while too many induced mutual interferences between jets，energy attenuation，and reduced penetration speed. Nozzle angles that were either too small or too large led to uneven flame distribution or slowed propagation.For the pre-chamber structure in this study，a configuration with a 3 mm nozzle diameter，8 nozzles，and a 140°nozzle angle，produced the highest jet flame energy，with the peak heat release rate per unit crank angle in the main combustion chamber reaching 22.7 kJ，yielding the highest combustion efficiency.These findings may serve as both theoretical basis and practical reference for the optimized design of pre-chamber jet ignition systems used in marine engines.

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