碱掺杂阴离子交换膜在碱性电解槽和燃料电池中的应用与挑战

史乐; 王银栋; 韩昊奇

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202606001

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碱掺杂阴离子交换膜在碱性电解槽和燃料电池中的应用与挑战

专题　电化学材料 | 更新时间：2026-06-12

- 碱掺杂阴离子交换膜在碱性电解槽和燃料电池中的应用与挑战
- Applications and Challenges of Alkali-Doped Anion Exchange Membranes in Alkaline Electrolyzers and Fuel Cells
- 西安交通大学学报 2026年60卷第6期页码：1-18
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学电气工程学院，710049，西安
  西安交通大学电工材料电气绝缘全国重点实验室，710049，西安
  西安交通大学新型储能与能量转换纳米材料研究中心，710049，西安
- 作者简介：
  
  作者简介：史乐（1992—），女，教授，博士生导师。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金资助项目(52277225);西安交通大学基本科研业务费青年创新团队项目资助项目。(xtr052024009)
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202606001
  中图分类号： TK91
- 收稿：2025-09-14，
  
  纸质出版：2026-06-10
- 稿件说明：
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史乐, 王银栋, 韩昊奇. 碱掺杂阴离子交换膜在碱性电解槽和燃料电池中的应用与挑战[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2026,60(6):1-18.

SHI Le, WANG Yindong, HAN Haoqi. Applications and Challenges of Alkali-Doped Anion Exchange Membranes in Alkaline Electrolyzers and Fuel Cells[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(6): 1-18.
史乐, 王银栋, 韩昊奇. 碱掺杂阴离子交换膜在碱性电解槽和燃料电池中的应用与挑战[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2026,60(6):1-18. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202606001.

SHI Le, WANG Yindong, HAN Haoqi. Applications and Challenges of Alkali-Doped Anion Exchange Membranes in Alkaline Electrolyzers and Fuel Cells[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(6): 1-18. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202606001.

摘要

阴离子交换膜（AEMs）作为阴离子交换膜电解槽（AEMWEs）与阴离子交换膜燃料电池（AEMFCs）的核心部件，普遍面临离子传导率有限、官能团易降解、碱性稳定性不足等问题，严重制约了相关电化学器件的长期稳定运行。近年来，碱掺杂型AEMs因其离子传导过程不依赖有机阳离子官能团，表现出优异的碱性稳定性和离子传导性能，成为该领域的研究热点。研究系统综述了聚苯并咪唑（PBI）、氧化石墨烯（GO）和层状双氢氧化物（LDH）等碱掺杂AEMs制备中常用材料的性能。在离子传导方面，指出PBI主要依赖有机氮位点对KOH的吸附，以及KOH诱导形成的亲水网络实现OH

传导，而GO与LDH则借助其表面官能团与KOH构建的亲水区域促进离子迁移，三者离子迁移机理均与Grotthuss机制相似。在性能优化方面，总结了运行温度、碱类型、碱负载量、碱浓度、碱浸泡时间以及离子传输通路等关键因素的影响，结果表明，碱掺杂型AEMs在8 mol/L的KOH溶液中浸泡6d能够达到最优的处理效果；通过设计合理的膜结构，能够增大碱负载量并优化离子传输通路，显著提升膜离子传导率。在应用层面，综述了碱掺杂型AEMs在AEMWEs与AEMFCs中的最新研究进展，并对其未来发展方向进行了展望。该研究可为碱掺杂型AEMs的开发制备提供参考。

Abstract

Anion exchange membranes（AEMs），as core components of anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers（AEMWEs）and anion exchange membrane fuel cells（AEMFCs），commonly suffer from limited ion conductivity，facile degradation of functional groups，insufficient alkaline stability，and more，which severely restrict the long-term stable operation of the related electrochemical devices. In recent years，the research on alkali-doped AEMs has become a hit because their ion conduction processes are not reliant on organic cationic functional groups and consequently exhibit enhanced alkaline stability and ionic conductivity.The properties of materials commonly used in the preparation of alkali-doped AEMs，including polybenzimidazole（PBI），graphene oxide（GO），and layered double hydroxides（LDH），are systematically reviewed. With respect to ion conduction，it is indicated that PBI primarily depends on adsorption of KOH at organic nitrogen sitesandonformationofa KOH-inducedhydrophilicnetworktoenable OH

conduction，whereas GO and LDH promote ion migration through hydrophilic regions formed by interactions between their surface functional groups and KOH；the ion migration mechanisms of all three materials are analogous to the Grotthuss mechanism.Regarding performance optimization，the influences of key parameters such as operating temperature，alkali species，alkali loading，alkali concen

tration，alkali-soaking duration，and ion transport pathways are summarized.It is demonstrated that，the immersion of alkali-doped AEMs in 8 mol/L of KOH for 6 days yields an optimal treatment effect.Moreover，by rational membrane structure design，alkali loading can be increased and ion transport pathways can be optimized，resulting in significant enhancement of membrane ionic conductivity.Recent research advances on the application of alkali-doped AEMs in AEMWEs and AEMFCs are reviewed，and future development directions are envisaged.This study is expected to provide a useful reference for the development and preparation of alkali-doped AEMs.

关键词

Keywords

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