大型回转薄壁件对轮旋压成形工艺装备技术及应用进展

李帆; 赵升吨; 王永飞; 朱成成; 陈开达; 范淑琴; 写旭; 李靖祥; 韩冬; 杨延涛; 周路

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202604013

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大型回转薄壁件对轮旋压成形工艺装备技术及应用进展

专题西安交通大学自然科学优秀成果 | 更新时间：2026-04-10

- 大型回转薄壁件对轮旋压成形工艺装备技术及应用进展
- Counter-Roll Spinning Forming Process，Equipment Technology and Application Advances for Large-Scale Rotating Thin-Walled Parts
- 西安交通大学学报 2026年60卷第4期页码：162-174
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学机械工程学院，710049，西安
  金属成形技术与重型装备全国重点实验室，710018，西安
  长安大学工程机械学院，710064，西安
  西安航天动力机械有限公司，710038，西安
  西安博赛旋压科技有限公司，710087，西安
- 作者简介：
  
  作者简介：李帆（1993—），男，助理教授；
  团队负责人：赵升吨教授
- 基金信息：
  
  金属成形技术与重型装备全国重点实验室开放课题资助项目(B2408100.W02);山西省科技重大专项计划资助项目(202401110101001);陕西省重点研发计划资助项目。(2024CY2-GJHX-04)
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202604013
  中图分类号： TG301
- 收稿：2025-09-26，
  
  网络首发：2025-11-12，
  
  纸质出版：2026-04-10
- 稿件说明：
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李帆, 赵升吨, 王永飞, 等. 大型回转薄壁件对轮旋压成形工艺装备技术及应用进展[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2026,60(4):162-174.

LI Fan, ZHAO Shengdun, WANG Yongfei, et al. Counter-Roll Spinning Forming Process，Equipment Technology and Application Advances for Large-Scale Rotating Thin-Walled Parts[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(4): 162-174.
李帆, 赵升吨, 王永飞, 等. 大型回转薄壁件对轮旋压成形工艺装备技术及应用进展[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2026,60(4):162-174. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202604013.

LI Fan, ZHAO Shengdun, WANG Yongfei, et al. Counter-Roll Spinning Forming Process，Equipment Technology and Application Advances for Large-Scale Rotating Thin-Walled Parts[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(4): 162-174. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202604013.

摘要

针对火箭发动机壳体、封头和民用高端装备中大型回转薄壁件制造面临的芯模成本高、拼焊强度低及成形效率低等瓶颈问题，提出了一种对轮主动旋压成形新工艺。该工艺首创旋轮与主轴双伺服协同驱动机制，通过内、外旋轮主动旋转替代传统芯模，基于塑性变形力学模型揭示了成形过程中的材料流动规律，并推导出旋轮与主轴转速的匹配函数。通过正交试验优化壁厚减薄率、进给比等关键工艺参数，构建了涵盖直壁筒体、槽轮、风机集流器、封头和液化天然气气瓶等5类典型构件的工艺数据库。在此基础上，自主研制了多动力源协同控制的全电伺服对轮主动旋压装备，在国内首次实现了最大加工直径为2100 mm的对轮主动强力旋压设备研制及其工艺试验。研究成果已成功应用于运载火箭发动机壳体及各类民用回转构件的生产，不但解决了大直径薄壁件的“无模化”制造难题，而且在近3年里累计创造出可观的经济效益，显著提升了我国高端装备制造的自主化能力。

Abstract

To address bottleneck issues in the manufacturing of large-scale rotating thin-walled parts，such as rocket engine casings，heads，and high-end civil equipment，including high core mold costs，low welding strength，and low forming efficiency，a novel counter-roll active spinning forming process is proposed.This process introduces a pioneering dual-servo collaborative driving mechanism for the spinning rolls and spindle，replacing the traditional core mold with actively rotating inner and outer rolls.Based on a plastic deformation mechanics model，the material flow behavior during forming is elucidated，and a matching function between the roll speed and spindle speed is derived.Key process parameters，including the thickness thinning ratio and feed ratio，are optimized through orthogonal experiments，and a process database covering five typical components，including straight-walled cylinders，grooved wheels，fan volutes，heads，and liquefied natural gas cylinders，is established.On this basis，fully electric servo counter-roll active spinning equipment featuring multi-power-source coordinated control is independently developed.This proj ect marks the first domestic realization of the development and process trials for a counter-roller active power spinning machine featuring a maximum processing diameter of 2100 mm.The research outcomes have been successfully applied to the production of launch vehicle engine casings and various civil rotating components. This not only resolves the challenge of “mold-less”manufacturing for large-diameter thin-walled parts but has also generated substantial economic benefits over the past three years，significantly enhancing China's independent manufacturing capability in high-end equipment.

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