采用互易性原理的桥丝型电火工品瞬态电磁脉冲场辐照效应发火规律

张博渊; 梁涛; 薛婉婷; 谢彦召

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202603019

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采用互易性原理的桥丝型电火工品瞬态电磁脉冲场辐照效应发火规律

更新时间：2026-03-09

- 采用互易性原理的桥丝型电火工品瞬态电磁脉冲场辐照效应发火规律
- Ignition Characteristics of Bridge-Wire Electro-Explosive Devices Under Transient Electromagnetic Pulse Irradiation via Reciprocity Principle
- 西安交通大学学报 2026年60卷第3期页码：198-209
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学电气工程学院，710049，西安
- 作者简介：
  
  作者简介：张博渊（1999—），男，博士生；
  梁涛（通信作者），男，副教授，博士生导师。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金资助项目。(52207015)
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202603019
  中图分类号： TJ450.1
- 收稿：2025-06-06，
  
  纸质出版：2026-03-10
- 稿件说明：
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张博渊, 梁涛, 薛婉婷, 等. 采用互易性原理的桥丝型电火工品瞬态电磁脉冲场辐照效应发火规律[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2026,60(3):198-209.

ZHANG Boyuan, LIANG Tao, XUE Wanting, et al. Ignition Characteristics of Bridge-Wire Electro-Explosive Devices Under Transient Electromagnetic Pulse Irradiation via Reciprocity Principle[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(3): 198-209.
张博渊, 梁涛, 薛婉婷, 等. 采用互易性原理的桥丝型电火工品瞬态电磁脉冲场辐照效应发火规律[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2026,60(3):198-209. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202603019.

ZHANG Boyuan, LIANG Tao, XUE Wanting, et al. Ignition Characteristics of Bridge-Wire Electro-Explosive Devices Under Transient Electromagnetic Pulse Irradiation via Reciprocity Principle[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(3): 198-209. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202603019.

摘要

为高效评估瞬态电磁脉冲场（TEMP）辐照时桥丝型电火工品（EED）的安全限值，揭示单次及重复频率TEMP作用下的发火机制与规律，提出了一种基于互易性原理的EED电磁耦合高效计算模型，并利用全波仿真进行验证。将此计算模型与EED发火判据相结合，构建了EED在TEMP辐照下的电弧/温升发火评估模型。利用该评估模型系统地研究了单次、重频TEMP辐照下的EED发火规律。研究结果表明：单次TEMP辐照下，EED主要发火机制为电弧发火。重频TEMP辐照下，发火机制取决于单脉冲强度与脉冲间隔，当单周期内电磁脉冲强度足够时，EED脚-壳间出现瞬态电击穿，直接触发电弧点火，后续重频脉冲周期仅维持电弧稳定；当单周期内电磁脉冲强度不满足电击穿条件时，若桥丝热平衡时间远大于重频脉冲周期，桥丝处通过不断热积累可导致温升点火；在重频TEMP辐照下，发火方式同入射电场强度以及持续时间密切相关，两类发火机制均有可能发生。该研究成果可对于定量分析EED的电磁安全性提供一定的参考。

Abstract

To efficiently evaluate the safety limits of bridge-wire electric explosive devices (EEDs)under transient electromagnetic pulse field (TEMP)irradiation and reveal their ignition mechanisms and characteristics under single and repetitive-frequency TEMP effects

this study proposes an efficient electromagnetic coupling calculation model for EEDs based on the reciprocity principle

which is verified using full-wave simulation.By combining this calculation model with the EED ignition criterion

an arc/temperature-rise ignition assessment model for EEDs under TEMP irradiation is established.This assessment model is used to systematically examine the ignition characteristics of EEDs under single and repetitive-frequency TEMP irradiation.The results show that under single TEMP irradiation

the primary ignition mechanism for EEDs is arc ignition.Under repetitive-frequency TEMP irradiation

the ignition mechanism depends on the single-pulse intensity and pulse interval.When the electromagnetic pulse intensity within a single cycle is sufficient

transient electrical breakdown occurs between the EED’s pins and casing

directly triggering arc ignition

and subsequent repetitive-frequency pulse cycles only sustain the arc stability.When the electromagnetic pulse intensity within a single cycle does not meet the electrical breakdown condition

if the bridge wire’s thermal equilibrium time is much greater than the repetitive-frequency pulse period

continuous heat accumulation at the bridge wire can lead to temperature-rise ignition.Under repetitive-frequency TEMP irradiation

the ignition mode is closely related to the incident field intensity and duration

and both types of ignition mechanisms can potentially occur.The findings can provide valuable insights for the quantitative analysis of electromagnetic safety in EEDs.

关键词

Keywords

references

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