闪蒸焦耳加热技术在废旧锂离子电池回收与再生中的机制、应用与前景

王丽; 祁曼; 任澍阳; 赵亚文; 孙茹宇; 吕永利; 兰申玉

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202603006

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闪蒸焦耳加热技术在废旧锂离子电池回收与再生中的机制、应用与前景

更新时间：2026-03-09

- 闪蒸焦耳加热技术在废旧锂离子电池回收与再生中的机制、应用与前景
- Mechanism,Application,and Prospects of Flash Joule Heating Technology in Recycling and Regeneration of Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries
- 西安交通大学学报 2026年60卷第3期页码：55-66
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院，710049，西安
  中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司，257000，山东东营
- 作者简介：
  
  作者简介：王丽（1986—），女，副教授，博士生导师。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金资助项目。(52474443)
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202603006
  中图分类号： X705
- 收稿：2025-05-01，
  
  纸质出版：2026-03-10
- 稿件说明：
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王丽, 祁曼, 任澍阳, 等. 闪蒸焦耳加热技术在废旧锂离子电池回收与再生中的机制、应用与前景[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2026,60(3):55-66.

WANG Li, QI Man, REN Shuyang, et al. Mechanism,Application,and Prospects of Flash Joule Heating Technology in Recycling and Regeneration of Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(3): 55-66.
王丽, 祁曼, 任澍阳, 等. 闪蒸焦耳加热技术在废旧锂离子电池回收与再生中的机制、应用与前景[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2026,60(3):55-66. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202603006.

WANG Li, QI Man, REN Shuyang, et al. Mechanism,Application,and Prospects of Flash Joule Heating Technology in Recycling and Regeneration of Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(3): 55-66. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202603006.

摘要

随着全球锂离子电池（LIBs）需求的增长，大量废旧电池的回收与再生成为解决资源短缺和环境污染的关键挑战。传统的回收方法，如火法冶金和湿法冶金，虽然能够实现有价金属的回收，但普遍存在能耗高、化学试剂消耗大及环境污染严重等问题。闪蒸焦耳加热（FJH）技术作为一种新兴的回收策略，通过瞬时高温加热，可以实现废旧电极材料的分离与再生，具有高效、低环境负荷的优势。综述了FJH技术的原理及其在废旧电池回收中的应用，系统总结其在有价金属回收、石墨负极再利用及正极材料再生等方面的研究进展。评估了FJH技术的经济效益和环境影响，分析其在规模化应用、材料适配性等方面的优势与挑战。随着电池技术的发展和回收需求的增加，FJH技术有望成为一种高效、环保且经济可行的废旧电池回收与再生方案，推动新能源电池产业向绿色循环方向发展。

Abstract

With the increasing global demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs)

the recycling and regeneration of the vast number of spent batteries have become key challenges in addressing resource shortages and environmental pollution.Conventional recycling methods

such as pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy

can recover valuable metals but often suffer from concerns such as high energy consumption

heavy reliance on chemical reagents

and environmental contamination.As an emerging recycling strategy

flash Joule heating (FJH)technology utilizes instantaneous hightemperature heating to achieve separation and regeneration of spent electrode materials

offering high efficiency and low environmental impact.This paper reviews the principles of FJH and its applications in recycling spent batteries

systematically summarizes recent progress in valuable metal recovery

graphite anode reuse

and cathode material regeneration

and evaluates the economic feasibility and environmental implications of FJH technology.Advantages and challenges related to large-scale implementation and material compatibility are also analyzed.With the ongoing advancement of battery technology and growing recycling demands

FJH technology is expected to emerge as an efficient

environmentally friendly

and economically viable solution for recycling and regenerating spent batteries

thereby promoting the transition of the new-energy battery industry toward a circular and sustainable future.

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