面向数据中心冷却的蒸发式冷凝器翅片结构多目标优化

段少斌; 谷雅秀; 任现超; 贾文竹; 何跃飞; 康凯; 王晓坡

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202512019

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面向数据中心冷却的蒸发式冷凝器翅片结构多目标优化

更新时间：2025-12-08

- 面向数据中心冷却的蒸发式冷凝器翅片结构多目标优化
- Multi-Objective Optimization of Evaporative Condenser Fin Structure for Data Center Cooling
- 西安交通大学学报 2025年59卷第12期页码：216-227
- 作者机构：
- 作者简介：
  
  作者简介：段少斌（2001—），男，硕士生；
  谷雅秀（通信作者），女，副教授，博士生导师。
- 基金信息：
  
  陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2023-JC-YB-473);西部绿色建筑国家重点实验室开放基金项目。(LSKF202314)
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202512019
  中图分类号： TB61+1;TB657.5
- 收稿：2025-03-05，
  
  纸质出版：2025-12-10
- 稿件说明：
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段少斌, 谷雅秀, 任现超, 等. 面向数据中心冷却的蒸发式冷凝器翅片结构多目标优化[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2025,59(12):216-227.

DUAN Shaobin, GU Yaxiu, REN Xianchao, et al. Multi-Objective Optimization of Evaporative Condenser Fin Structure for Data Center Cooling[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2025, 59(12): 216-227.
段少斌, 谷雅秀, 任现超, 等. 面向数据中心冷却的蒸发式冷凝器翅片结构多目标优化[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2025,59(12):216-227. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202512019.

DUAN Shaobin, GU Yaxiu, REN Xianchao, et al. Multi-Objective Optimization of Evaporative Condenser Fin Structure for Data Center Cooling[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2025, 59(12): 216-227. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202512019.

摘要

针对数据中心机房高功率密度散热需求及冷却系统高能耗问题，提出基于换热设备本身优化的设计方案，以椭圆套管蒸发式冷凝器为研究对象，采用数值模拟与正交试验相结合的方法，对其翅片结构参数进行多目标优化。优化结果表明：最优翅片结构参数为翅片高度24 mm、厚度1 mm、间距4 mm。在此参数组合下，蒸发式冷凝器综合评价因子较优化前提升了6.41%。为进一步验证优化效果，实验研究了多种工况参数对优化前后蒸发式冷凝器传热性能的影响规律。实验结果表明：优化后蒸发式冷凝器在迎面风速为2.8 m·s

-1

、喷淋密度为5.6 g·m

-1

·s

-1

时综合性能最优，总换热量为4280.38 W，较优化前提升了36.35%，压降为12.18 Pa，较优化前降低了19.86%。过大的空气湿球温度和冷却水流量会抑制冷凝器的外传热过程，但优化后换热量与优化前相比仍有所提升。该研究可为数据中心冷却系统的节能优化设计与高效低耗运行提供理论依据。

Abstract

To address the heat dissipation demand under high power density conditions and high energy consumption of cooling systems for equipment rooms of data centers

a design proposal based on the optimization of heat exchange equipment per se is proposed.In this study

an annular elliptical tube evaporative condenser was employed

and multi-objective optimization of its fin structure parameters was carried out by combining numerical simulation with orthogonal testing.The optimization

results show that the optimal fin structure parameters are as follows：fin height of 24 mm

fin thickness of 1 mm and fin spacing of 4 mm.When this combination of parameters was applied

the comprehensive evaluation factor of the evaporative condenser was 6. 41 % higher than that before the optimization.To further verify the optimization effect

impact of the parameters on the heat transfer performance of the evaporative condenser before and after the optimization was investigated under multiple operating conditions.The results show that after optimization

the evaporative condenser achieved the best comprehensive performance at the wind speed of 2.8 m·s

-1

on the windward face and the spray density of 5.6 g·m

-1

·s

-1

with total heat transfer of 4280.38 W

36.35 % up from that before the optimization

and a pressure drop of 12.18 Pa

19.86 % lower than that before the optimization.Though excessive air wet bulb temperature and cooling water flow would inhibit the external heat transfer process of the condenser

the optimization secured an improvement in the heat transfer performance.This research is intended to offer a theoretical basis for design optimization of data center cooling systems in terms of energy efficiency

operating efficiency and energy consumption.

关键词

Keywords

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