强流加速器中子源高能束流传输线的束流均匀化研究

苏浩泉; 孔国庆; 李竞伦; 潘文龙; 陈勇奇; 胡耀程; 姜泉旭; 杨京鹤; 李海鹏; 王盛

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202512008

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强流加速器中子源高能束流传输线的束流均匀化研究

专题中子源优化 | 更新时间：2025-12-08

- 强流加速器中子源高能束流传输线的束流均匀化研究
- Study on Beam Uniformization of High-Energy Beam Transport in High-Current Accelerator-Driven Neutron Source
- 西安交通大学学报 2025年59卷第12期页码：92-104
- 作者机构：
- 作者简介：
  
  作者简介：苏浩泉（1998—），男，博士生；
  李海鹏（通信作者），男，副教授，硕士生导师。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划资助项目(2023YFA1008600);国家自然科学基金资助项目(12375159);中核集团领创科研项目。(CNNC202217)
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202512008
  中图分类号： TL501+.5
- 收稿：2025-05-07，
  
  纸质出版：2025-12-10
- 稿件说明：
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苏浩泉, 孔国庆, 李竞伦, 等. 强流加速器中子源高能束流传输线的束流均匀化研究[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2025,59(12):92-104.

SU Haoquan, KONG Guoqing, LI Jinglun, et al. Study on Beam Uniformization of High-Energy Beam Transport in High-Current Accelerator-Driven Neutron Source[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2025, 59(12): 92-104.
苏浩泉, 孔国庆, 李竞伦, 等. 强流加速器中子源高能束流传输线的束流均匀化研究[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2025,59(12):92-104. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202512008.

SU Haoquan, KONG Guoqing, LI Jinglun, et al. Study on Beam Uniformization of High-Energy Beam Transport in High-Current Accelerator-Driven Neutron Source[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2025, 59(12): 92-104. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202512008.

摘要

为满足强流连续波运行模式下加速器中子源对高传输效率与束流均匀度的双重要求，开展了高能束流传输线（HEBT）的束流动力学设计与均匀化研究，提出了一种兼顾双靶供束与末端均匀展宽的HEBT结构优化方案。设计通过磁铁布局优化，实现了质子能量2.8 MeV、束流强度20 mA、束流占空比100%的质子束从加速器出口至靶终端的高效传输，传输效率超过99.90%。在终端段前引入1台双向偏转2极磁铁，实现对2个靶站的独立供束，显著提升了束流利用率。针对终端段空间紧凑的问题，通过在偏转磁铁后设计了由2组双单元4极磁铁和2台连续布置的8极磁铁构成的组合磁铁布局，在3.2m空间内实现了

、

方向的均匀展宽，并在靶面上形成了边长约110 mm，均匀度超过90%的方形束斑，从而兼顾了高传输效率与高均匀度需求。通过调节终端段4极与8极磁铁参数，实现了在50～130 mm范围内灵活调控束斑尺寸，均匀度保持在86%以上。采用TraceWin进行多粒子追踪模拟，系统评估了该方案在非理想入射束流和磁铁误差条件下的稳定性。进一步引入束流位置监测器与校正磁铁的联合控制机制，建立反馈回路，实现了束流轨道的有效校正，降低误差对传输性能的影响。1000次随机误差模拟结果表明：该设计在多种工况下均能保持传输效率大于99.84%，均匀度大于80%，验证了其良好的误差容忍性与工程可实现性。

Abstract

To satisfy the high transmission efficiency and beam uniformity requirements of acceleratorbased neutron sources operating in continuous wave（CW）high-current mode

an optimized high energy beam transport（HEBT）layout with both dual-target beam delivery and terminal beam uniformity taken into account is proposed in this study based on the beam dynamics design and uniformization investigation for HEBT.Through magnetic lattice optimization

the layout achieved efficient transmission of a 2.8 MeV

20 mA

100% duty cycle proton beam from the RFQ exit to the target station

with the transmission efficiency exceeding 99.90%.Before the terminal section

a dual-direction bending dipole magnet i

s introduced for independent beam delivery to two target stations

having significantly improved the beam utilization rate.Considering the limited space in the terminal section

a compact magnetic structure consisting of two doublet quadrupole pairs and two consecutively placed octupoles is provided to realize uniform beam expansion in both

and

directions within the 3.2 m-wide space

forming a square beam spot with the side length of approximately 110 mm and uniformity of over 90% on the target surface to accommodate the high transmission efficiency and uniformity requirements.The parameters of the terminal quadrupoles and octupoles can be adjusted to flexibly change the beam spot size within the range of 50～130 mm while maintaining the uniformity above 86%.Multi-particle tracking simulations were conducted using TraceWin to evaluate the robustness of the design with non-ideal input beams and magnetic field errors.A feedback correction mechanism integrating beam position monitors and steering magnets was established to effectively correct beam trajectory deviations and reduce the effect of errors on the transmission performance.According to results from 1

000 random error simulations

the transmission efficiency with the design consistently maintained above 99.84% and the beam uniformity above 80% under various conditions.This suggests that the layout proposed is of strong error tolerance and engineering feasibility.

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Keywords

references

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