高湿环境下质子交换膜燃料电池停机恢复的实验研究

朱昊宁; 袁斌; 陈俊宏; 黄嘉龙; 何泽鸿; 何璞; 陶文铨

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202512002

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高湿环境下质子交换膜燃料电池停机恢复的实验研究

专题氢燃料电池性能提升技术 | 更新时间：2025-12-08

- 高湿环境下质子交换膜燃料电池停机恢复的实验研究
- Experimental Study on the Recovery of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells from Shutdown in High Humidity Environment
- 西安交通大学学报 2025年59卷第12期页码：11-20
- 作者机构：
- 作者简介：
  
  作者简介：朱昊宁（2003—），男，硕士生；
  何璞（通信作者），男，助理教授。
- 基金信息：
  
  陕西省重点研发计划资助项目(2019ZDXM3-01)
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202512002
  中图分类号： TK91
- 收稿：2025-02-15，
  
  纸质出版：2025-12-10
- 稿件说明：
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朱昊宁, 袁斌, 陈俊宏, 等. 高湿环境下质子交换膜燃料电池停机恢复的实验研究[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2025,59(12):11-20.

ZHU Haoning, YUAN Bin, CHEN Junhong, et al. Experimental Study on the Recovery of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells from Shutdown in High Humidity Environment[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2025, 59(12): 11-20.
朱昊宁, 袁斌, 陈俊宏, 等. 高湿环境下质子交换膜燃料电池停机恢复的实验研究[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2025,59(12):11-20. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202512002.

ZHU Haoning, YUAN Bin, CHEN Junhong, et al. Experimental Study on the Recovery of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells from Shutdown in High Humidity Environment[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2025, 59(12): 11-20. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202512002.

摘要

针对高湿环境下质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）因水管理恶化导致性能可逆衰减的问题，开展了不同停机时长对性能恢复的调控机制的研究。对8片电堆开展了20段80h的加速老化测试和300 h停机恢复实验。设置短期（1 h）、隔夜（10h以上）和长期（72h以上）3类停机时长，定量测量半功率/全功率电压衰减量及膜电极参数，根据恢复效果和时间的关系，将机理分解为对数、线性和常数3类，建立数学模型，分析了不同机理对电压恢复的贡献率。研究发现：单段加速老化导致全功率电压衰减8.31%，半功率电压衰减2.46%；长期停机基本可以完全恢复当期加速老化引起的全功率电压可逆衰减，并作用于历史积累的衰减，恢复率可达110%，隔夜和短期停机恢复率分别为65%和50%；恢复核心机制随时长演变，短期停机依赖渗氢和吹扫直接作用，长期停机以水管理优化和离聚物重排为主；高湿环境下PEMFC性能衰减以可逆成分为主，长期停机通过水管理优化和离聚物重排机理，可完全逆转当期衰减并部分修复历史累积衰减。该研究可为车载PEMFC系统频繁启停的维护策略提供量化支撑。

Abstract

To address the reversible performance degradation of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells（PEMFC）due to deteriorating water management in a high-humidity environment

the mechanism of how the duration of shutdown regulates performance recovery was investigated. Twenty runs of 80-hour accelerated aging tests and a 300 hour experiment on recovery from shutdown were carried out on eight cell stacks.The duration of shutdown was set to short-term（1 h）

overnight（more than 10 h）

and long-term（more than 72 h）.Quantitative measurements of the half-power and full-power voltage attenuation and membrane electrode parameters were made；a log-linear mathematical model was established based on the relationship between the recovery effect and time

with logarithmic

linear and constant factors contributing to the recovery taken into account；and the contribution rate of each factor type was analyzed.The research found that single-stage accelerated aging led to a full-power voltage attenuation of 8.31% and a half-power voltage attenuation of 2.46%；long-term shutdown enabled complete recovery of full-power voltage from reversible degradation caused by accelerated aging in the period

with a recovery rate of 110%

and had an effect on degradation accumulated over time；the recovery rates in case of overnight and short-term shutdowns were 65% and 50%

respectively；the core contributor to recovery evolved over time；recovery from short-term shutdowns mainly relied upon the direct effect of hydrogen infiltration/purging

and recovery from long-term shutdowns mainly depended on water management optimization and ionomer rearrangement；under high-humidity conditions

the performance degradation of PEMFC was largely reversible

while in case of long-term shutdowns

full recovery from degradation in the period and partial recovery from degradation accumulated over time were achieved through water management optimization and ionomer rearrangement.The insights presented in this research can provide quantitative support for maintenance strategies of on-board PEMFC systems subject to frequent start-stop cycles.

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references

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