AZ31B镁合金与316L不锈钢的搅拌摩擦钎焊及其中间层优化

赵启宏; 张贵锋; 畅海丞; 江馨; 王书杰

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202508021

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AZ31B镁合金与316L不锈钢的搅拌摩擦钎焊及其中间层优化

—————————————————————— | 更新时间：2025-07-30

- AZ31B镁合金与316L不锈钢的搅拌摩擦钎焊及其中间层优化
- Stir Friction Brazing and Interlayer Optimization for AZ31B Magnesium Alloy and 316L Stainless Steel
- 西安交通大学学报 2025年59卷第8期页码：223-232
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学金属材料强度全国重点实验室， 710049，西安
- 作者简介：
  
  赵启宏（2000—），男，硕士生
  张贵锋，男，教授，博士生导师。
- 基金信息：
  
  陕西省科技成果转移与推广计划-吸纳成果转化资助项目(2019CGXNG-026)
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202508021
  中图分类号： TG454
- 收稿：2025-01-05，
  
  网络首发：2025-04-02，
  
  纸质出版：2025-08-10
- 稿件说明：
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赵启宏, 张贵锋, 畅海丞, 等. AZ31B镁合金与316L不锈钢的搅拌摩擦钎焊及其中间层优化[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2025,59(8):223-232.

ZHAO Qihong, ZHANG Guifeng, CHANG Haicheng, et al. Stir Friction Brazing and Interlayer Optimization for AZ31B Magnesium Alloy and 316L Stainless Steel[J]. Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 2025, 59(8): 223-232.
赵启宏, 张贵锋, 畅海丞, 等. AZ31B镁合金与316L不锈钢的搅拌摩擦钎焊及其中间层优化[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2025,59(8):223-232. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202508021.

ZHAO Qihong, ZHANG Guifeng, CHANG Haicheng, et al. Stir Friction Brazing and Interlayer Optimization for AZ31B Magnesium Alloy and 316L Stainless Steel[J]. Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 2025, 59(8): 223-232. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202508021.

摘要

针对镁合金耐蚀性和耐磨性较差，以及传统熔焊方法难以有效连接镁和钢等问题，提出了采用搅拌摩擦钎焊技术连接AZ31B镁合金和316L不锈钢。首先，利用搅拌摩擦钎焊工艺制备不同厚度Zn箔和Ni箔的镁/钢搭接接头；然后，从接头的润湿性、微观组织和力学性能等方面研究其可行性；最后，阐明了不同钎料的界面反应特征和机制。实验结果表明：Zn箔只对镁合金一侧有良好的润湿性，对不锈钢表面几乎不润湿，Zn箔熔化后在接头处形成α-Mg+MgZn的共析组织，接头最大剪切强度为27.38 MPa，表现为脆性断裂；Ni箔对两侧母材润湿良好，在接头处形成亚共晶组织α-Mg

Ⅰ

+［Mg（Ni）或α-Mg

Ⅱ

+Mg

（Ni，Al）］和共晶组织α-Mg+Mg

（Ni，Al）或Mg

Ni，接头剪切强度随钎料厚度的增加先增大后减小，在钎料厚度为0.03 mm时可达58.24 MPa，表现为脆性断裂+韧性断裂。提出的搅拌摩擦钎焊工艺可通过对中间层进行优化，获得致密性高、润湿性良好、单道焊幅宽、强度高的镁合金/不锈钢搭接接头。

Abstract

To address the poor corrosion and wear resistance of magnesium alloys

as well as the challenges of effectively joining magnesium and steel using traditional welding methods

the use of stir friction brazing technology is proposed to connect AZ31B magnesium alloy and 316L stainless steel. First

different thicknesses of Zn and Ni foils are used to fabricate magnesium/steel lap joints using the stir friction brazing process. The feasibility of these joints is then examined from the perspectives of wettability

microstructure

and mechanical properties. Finally

the interfacial reaction characteristics and mechanisms of different brazing materials are elucidated. Experimental results indicate that Zn foil exhibits good wettability on the magnesium alloy side but almost none on the stainless-steel surface. When the Zn foil melts

it f

orms a eutectoid structure α-Mg+MgZn at the joint

with a maximum shear strength of 27.38 MPa

resulting in brittle fracture. Conversely

Ni foil demonstrates good wettability on both base materials

leading to the formation of a hypoeutectic structure α-Mg

Ⅰ

+[Mg(Ni) orα-Mg

Ⅱ

+Mg

(Ni

Al)

]

and eutectic structure α-Mg+Mg

(Ni

Al) or Mg

Ni at the joint. The shear strength of the joint initially increases and then decreases with increasing brazing material thickness

reaching 58.24 MPa at a thickness of 0.03 mm

exhibiting a combination of brittle and ductile fracture. The proposed stir friction brazing process can achieve high density

good wettability

wide single-pass welds

and high strength in magnesium alloy/stainless steel lap joints through interlayer optimization.

关键词

Keywords

references

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