铬基超材料太阳能吸收-发射器对光谱调制过程的数值模拟

郝家成; 吴小虎; 张丹; 陈宇航

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202502009

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铬基超材料太阳能吸收-发射器对光谱调制过程的数值模拟

更新时间：2026-01-06

- 铬基超材料太阳能吸收-发射器对光谱调制过程的数值模拟
- Numerical Simulation of the Spectral Modulation Process by Chromium-Based Metamaterial Solar Absorber-Emitter Pairs
- 西安交通大学学报 2025年59卷第2期页码：84-94
- 作者机构：
  
  1.西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院， 710049，西安
  2.山东高等技术研究院， 250100，济南
- 作者简介：
  
  郝家成（2000—），男，硕士生；
  张丹（通信作者），男，副教授，博士生导师。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金资助项目(51976162)
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202502009
  中图分类号： TK124
- 收稿：2024-08-07，
  
  网络首发：2024-10-14，
  
  纸质出版：2025-02-10
- 稿件说明：
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郝家成, 吴小虎, 张丹, 等. 铬基超材料太阳能吸收-发射器对光谱调制过程的数值模拟[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2025,59(2):84-94.

HAO Jiacheng, WU Xiaohu, ZHANG Dan, et al. Numerical Simulation of the Spectral Modulation Process by Chromium-Based Metamaterial Solar Absorber-Emitter Pairs[J]. Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 2025, 59(2): 84-94.
郝家成, 吴小虎, 张丹, 等. 铬基超材料太阳能吸收-发射器对光谱调制过程的数值模拟[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2025,59(2):84-94. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202502009.

HAO Jiacheng, WU Xiaohu, ZHANG Dan, et al. Numerical Simulation of the Spectral Modulation Process by Chromium-Based Metamaterial Solar Absorber-Emitter Pairs[J]. Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 2025, 59(2): 84-94. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202502009.

摘要

基于金属基底-介质层-金属阵列的多层结构，以三角柱-圆柱金属阵列为核心，提出了铬基超材料吸收-发射器对以同步实现太阳能全谱段吸收和光谱调制。围绕对光波的吸收、发射性能及其温度场的演化，建立了光热耦合计算模型并开展了系统研究。首先，在入射太阳能波段为300~2 500 nm、吸收器三角柱边长为50~300 nm、圆柱高度为10~100 nm条件下开展了吸收性能模拟；其次，在发射器基底边长为1 000~2 000 nm、三角柱高度为10~500 nm、圆柱高度为30~500 nm条件下开展了发射性能模拟；最后，在入射功率为3~15 MW·m

－2

条件下进行了温度场的演化计算。研究结果表明：吸收器光谱吸收率与太阳光AM1.5吻合，总体吸收率在0.88~0.90之间，且随阵列柱体几何结构、材质无明显变化，这有利于降低制造成本和工艺难度；发射器光谱发射率与1 500~2 000 K时的黑体辐射力曲线基本吻合，在1 450~2 000 nm的区间发射效率为0.50~0.99，实现了光谱调制，其中三角柱高度与发射器自身温度是影响发射效率的关键因素；吸收-发射器对的总体光谱调制效率为0.18~0.67，在合理设计发射器表面几何结构的基础上，通过强化吸收来提高发射器温度，这是提升光谱调制效能的根本途径。研究结果可为光谱调制元件的设计和运行提供一定的参考。

Abstract

Based on the multilayer structure of metal substrate-dielectric layer-metal array with triangular column-cylindrical metal array as the core

a chromium-based metamaterial absorber-emitter pair was proposed to synchronously realize solar energy full-spectrum absorption and spectral modulation. An optical-thermal coupling computational model was established around its absorption and emission performance of light waves and the evolution of its temperature field

and a systematic study was carried out. Firstly

the absorption performance was simulated under the conditions with an incident solar energy wavelength of 300—2 500 nm

a side length of absorber triangular column of 50—300 nm and a height of the column of 10—100 nm. Next

the emission performance was simulated under the conditions with a side length of t

he transmitter base of 1 000—2 000 nm

a height of the triangular column of 10—500 nm and a height of the column of 30—500 nm. Finally

the evolution of the temperature field was calculated at an incident power of 3—15 MW·m

－2

. The results show that the spectral absorptivity of absorber matched with the solar AM1.5

and the overall absorptivity was between 0.88 and 0.90

and there was no obvious change with the array column geometry and material

which was conducive to the reduction of the manufacturing cost and process difficulty; the spectral emissivity of emitter matched basically with the blackbody radiative forcing curves at 1 500—2 000 K

and the emissivity efficiency in 1 450—2 000 nm was 0.50—0.99

and the spectral modulation was realized

in which the height of the triangular column and the temperature of the emitter itself were the key factors affecting its emission efficiency; the absorber-emitter pair had an overall spectral modulation efficiency of 0.18—0.67; the fundamental way to improve the spectral modulation efficiency was to increase the temperature of the emitter by strengthening the absorption on the basis of the rational design of the emitter surface geometrical structure. This study can provide a reference for the design and operation of spectral modulation elements.

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references

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