空间堆线性变参数模型预测控制方法

马骞; 孙培伟; 魏新宇

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202411016

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空间堆线性变参数模型预测控制方法

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- 空间堆线性变参数模型预测控制方法
- Predictive Control Method Based on Linear Varying Parameter Model for Space Nuclear Reactors
- 西安交通大学学报 2024年58卷第11期页码：164-175
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院,西安,710049
- 作者简介：
  
  : 2024-03-29。作者简介: 马骞(1995—),男,博士生
  孙培伟(通信作者),男,副教授,博士生导师。基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(12075181)。
- 基金信息：
  
  : 2024-03-29。作者简介: 马骞(1995—),男,博士生;孙培伟(通信作者),男,副教授,博士生导师。基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(12075181)。
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202411016
  中图分类号： TL361
- 网络首发：2024-11-10，
  
  纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
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马骞, 孙培伟, 魏新宇. 空间堆线性变参数模型预测控制方法[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2024,58(11):164-175.

MA Qian, SUN Peiwei, WEI Xinyu. Predictive Control Method Based on Linear Varying Parameter Model for Space Nuclear Reactors[J]. 2024, 58(11): 164-175.
马骞, 孙培伟, 魏新宇. 空间堆线性变参数模型预测控制方法[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2024,58(11):164-175. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202411016.

MA Qian, SUN Peiwei, WEI Xinyu. Predictive Control Method Based on Linear Varying Parameter Model for Space Nuclear Reactors[J]. 2024, 58(11): 164-175. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202411016.

摘要

针对传统PID控制方法在面临复杂负荷需求变化时无法满足空间核反应堆的控制性能需求的问题

提出了基于线性变参数模型的空间堆模型预测控制方法。针对强非线性特性

采用线性变参数模型作为预测模型

对全功率范围内的空间堆运行特性进行预测; 针对大时滞的特性

采用串级控制理论结合模型预测方法优化执行机构动作

提升被控量的响应速度。分别设计了电功率和冷却剂温度的预测控制系统

在典型工况下进行控制性能仿真验证

结果表明:相对于串级PID控制系统

所设计的预测控制系统的电功率调节时间减少了68.7%

冷却剂温度调节时间减少了81.7%; 电功率和冷却剂温度预测控制系统的核功率的超调量分别减少了22.3%和13.0%

保证了反应堆的安全; 控制系统的适用性强

在不同功率水平均具有良好的控制性能; 执行机构的动作大幅减少

驱动电机峰值电压下降了84.1%

使用寿命得到延长

系统经济性得到提升。该研究提出的结合串级控制理论基于线性变参数模型的预测控制方法能够用于优化空间堆的控制系统。

Abstract

Space nuclear reactors exhibit strong nonlinearity and significant time delay characteristics. To address the challenge of traditional PID control methods failing to meet the control performance requirements of space nuclear reactors amidst complex load demand fluctuations

a predictive control approach based on a linear varying parameter model for space reactors is proposed. To tackle the pronounced nonlinearity

a linear varying parameter model is employed as the predictive model to anticipate the operational characteristics of space reactors across the entire power spectrum. To mitigate the notable time delay characteristics

the cascade control theory is combined with the model prediction method to optimize actuator actions

thereby enhancing the response speed of the controlled variable. Predictive control systems for electrical power and coolant temperature are individually designed

and control performance simulations are conducted under typical operational scenarios. The results indicate that compared to the cascade PID control system

the proposed predictive control system reduces power adjustment time by 68.7% and coolant temperature adjustment time by 81.7%. The nuclear power overshoots of predictive control systems for electrical power and coolant temperature are reduced by 22.3% and 13.0%

respectively

ensuring reactor safety. The control system demonstrates robust applicability and commendable control performance across various power levels. Additionally

a significant decrease in actuator actions is achieved

with a peak voltage drop of 84.1% for the drive motor

thereby extending its lifespan and enhancing system efficiency. Therefore

the proposed predictive control method based on the cascade control theory and linear varying parameter model can be used to optimize the control system of space reactors.

关键词

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references

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