超临界水热合成纳米氧化锌的动力学及聚乙烯吡咯烷酮耦合作用机理研究

赵君安; 刘璐; 王树众; 刘慧; 杨健乔

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202411015

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超临界水热合成纳米氧化锌的动力学及聚乙烯吡咯烷酮耦合作用机理研究

—————————————————————— | 更新时间：2025-07-25

- 超临界水热合成纳米氧化锌的动力学及聚乙烯吡咯烷酮耦合作用机理研究
- Research on Kinetics and PVP Coupling Mechanism of Nanoscale Zinc Oxide Synthesized by Supercritical Water Hydrothermal Method
- 西安交通大学学报 2024年58卷第11期页码：156-163
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院,西安,710049
- 作者简介：
  
  : 2024-03-25。作者简介: 赵君安(2000—),男,硕士生
  王树众(通信作者),男,教授,博士生导师。基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(52101096
- 基金信息：
  
  : 2024-03-25。作者简介: 赵君安(2000—),男,硕士生;王树众(通信作者),男,教授,博士生导师。基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(52101096;52176162);陕西省重点研发计划资助项目(2024GX-YBXM-314)。
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202411015
  中图分类号： O781;TM912.9
- 网络首发：2024-11-10，
  
  纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
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赵君安, 刘璐, 王树众, 等. 超临界水热合成纳米氧化锌的动力学及聚乙烯吡咯烷酮耦合作用机理研究[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2024,58(11):156-163.

ZHAO Jun'an, LIU Lu, WANG Shuzhong, et al. Research on Kinetics and PVP Coupling Mechanism of Nanoscale Zinc Oxide Synthesized by Supercritical Water Hydrothermal Method[J]. 2024, 58(11): 156-163.
赵君安, 刘璐, 王树众, 等. 超临界水热合成纳米氧化锌的动力学及聚乙烯吡咯烷酮耦合作用机理研究[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2024,58(11):156-163. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202411015.

ZHAO Jun'an, LIU Lu, WANG Shuzhong, et al. Research on Kinetics and PVP Coupling Mechanism of Nanoscale Zinc Oxide Synthesized by Supercritical Water Hydrothermal Method[J]. 2024, 58(11): 156-163. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202411015.

摘要

为了获得超临界水热合成过程中纳米氧化锌的结晶动力学机理及表面改性作用机理

分析了温度、时间驱动下的结晶动力学曲线

获得了纳米氧化锌在成核、生长过程的速率及活化能。同时采用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)对氧化锌进行原位表面改性

通过分析不同比例PVP和KOH作用下合成的氧化锌形貌

获得了PVP和KOH的耦合作用机理。实验结果表明:纳米氧化锌在成核过程中的活化能为603.06 kJ·mol

-1

在生长过程中的活化能为63.10 kJ·mol

-1

在成核阶段比生长阶段消耗的能量更多; 在前驱物、KOH、PVP的物质的量浓度比为1:3:2 时合成了粒径最小的纳米氧化锌颗粒

平均粒径为6.9 nm; 当KOH、PVP的浓度比过高时

纳米氧化锌颗粒表面过量的PVP使其成为凝胶类沉积物

形成一种团聚体从而导致合成纳米颗粒的粒径变大。

Abstract

Supercritical hydrothermal synthesis(SCHS)is an efficient and green technology for preparing advanced nano-powders

which can promote the development of high-quality nanoscale ZnO. In order to obtain the crystallization kinetics and surface modification mechanism of nanoscale ZnO during the SCHS process

this paper analyzes the crystallization kinetics curves driven by temperature and time to obtain information on the rates and activation energies of nanoscale ZnO in nucleation and growth processes. Additionally

polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)is used to modi

fy ZnO surface in situ. By analyzing the morphology of zinc oxide synthesized under different PVP and KOH ratios

the coupling mechanism of PVP and KOH is determined. The results indicate that the activation energy of nanoscale is 603.06 kJ·mol

-1

during nucleation and 63.10 kJ·mol

-1

during growth

with more energy consumed in the nucleation stage than in the growth stage. Nanoscale ZnO particles with the smallest size are synthesized when the precursor

KOH

and PVP concentration ratio is 1:3:2

with an average particle size of 6.9 nm. When the KOH to PVP concentration ratio is too high

excess PVP on the surface of ZnO nanoparticles leads to gel-like deposits

forming aggregates that result in an increase in the particle size of the synthesized nanoparticles.

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references

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