跨声速压气机叶栅流动状态的试验和数值研究

孟凡杰; 宫超玄; 唐洁; 李景银; 魏巍; 郭朋华

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202407002

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跨声速压气机叶栅流动状态的试验和数值研究

—————————————————————— | 更新时间：2025-07-28

- 跨声速压气机叶栅流动状态的试验和数值研究
- Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Flow State of a Transonic Compressor Cascade
- 西安交通大学学报 2024年58卷第7期页码：13-25
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院,西安,710049
  2. 中国空气动力研究与发展中心空天技术研究所,四川,绵阳,621000
- 作者简介：
  
  : 2024-01-16。作者简介: 孟凡杰(1995—),男,博士生
  李景银(通信作者),男,教授,博士生导师。基金项目: 国家科技重大专项资助项目(2017-II-0007-0021)
- 基金信息：
  
  : 2024-01-16。作者简介: 孟凡杰(1995—),男,博士生;李景银(通信作者),男,教授,博士生导师。基金项目: 国家科技重大专项资助项目(2017-II-0007-0021)
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202407002
  中图分类号： TK05
- 网络首发：2024-07-10，
  
  纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
孟凡杰, 宫超玄, 唐洁, 等. 跨声速压气机叶栅流动状态的试验和数值研究[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2024,58(7):13-25.

MENG Fanjie, GONG Chaoxuan, TANG Jie, et al. Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Flow State of a Transonic Compressor Cascade[J]. 2024, 58(7): 13-25.
孟凡杰, 宫超玄, 唐洁, 等. 跨声速压气机叶栅流动状态的试验和数值研究[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2024,58(7):13-25. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202407002.

MENG Fanjie, GONG Chaoxuan, TANG Jie, et al. Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Flow State of a Transonic Compressor Cascade[J]. 2024, 58(7): 13-25. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202407002.

摘要

针对跨声速压气机叶栅风洞试验过程中存在的唯一冲角问题

通过开展不同来流马赫数以及不同背压条件下的平面叶栅风洞试验测量和数值模拟研究

阐明了高亚声和超声来流条件下跨声速压气机叶栅栅前流场唯一性不同的形成机制

分析了静压比对叶栅流动状态和激波结构的影响机制。研究结果表明:跨声速叶栅在低背压条件下叶栅内激波结构为双激波模式

表现为前缘脱体激波和通道正激波

随着背压的增加

通道激波位置逐渐前移并最终与脱体激波合并

形成单激波模式。超声速来流条件下

栅前流场参数受激波-膨胀波波系的影响呈现出波浪分布

其测量位置至少应距离叶栅前额线50%弦长。理论分析结果表明:跨声速叶栅的唯一冲角现象可扩展到高亚声速状态

但其物理机制有所不同

超声速状态下进口气流角取决于来流马赫数和叶栅入口几何形状

而亚声速状态下进口气流角取决于来流马赫数和叶栅喉部面积。随着静压比的提高

跨声速叶栅运行状态经历堵塞状态-溢出状态-设计状态的转变

在来流马赫数为1.10时总压损失系数由0.175递减为0.082

降幅超过50%。叶栅变背压试验结果表明

静压比超过1.379时流场三维效应增强

影响到叶栅流动的周期性

并且栅后节流板会干扰到尾迹参数的测量。该研究结果有助于理解跨声速叶栅运行状态、激波结构以及栅前流场唯一性机制

同时可对跨声速叶栅试验起到指导作用。

Abstract

For the unique incidence problem in the wind tunnel experiments of the transonic compressor cascade

by conducting experimental measurements and numerical simulations under different inflow Mach number and back pressure condition

this study elucidates the formation mechanism of the uniqueness in the inlet flow field of the cascade under the subsonic and supersonic inflow conditions

and analyzes the impact mechanism of the static pressure ratio on the cascade flow states and shock wave structures. The research results indicate that under low back pressure conditions

the shock wave within the transonic cascade exhibits a dual shock wave pattern

characterized by a leading edge detached shock wave and a passage normal shock wave. As the back pressure increases

the position of the passage shock wave gradually moves forward and eventually merges with the detached shock wave to form a single shock wave pattern. Under supersonic inflow conditions

the inlet flow field parameters are influenced by shock wave-expansion wave systems and present a wave distribution. The measuring position of the inlet flow parameters should be at least 50% chord length distance from the leading edge of the cascade. Theoretical analysis reveals that the unique incidence phenomenon of the transonic cascade can be extended to high subsonic inflow conditions

but with different physical mechanisms. In supersonic states

the inlet airflow angle depends on the inflow Mach number and the geometric shape of the cascade inlet

whereas in subsonic states

the angle depends on the inflow Mach number and the throat area of the cascade. As the static pressure ratio increases

the transonic cascade operation undergoes the transition from a blocked state to a spilling state and eventually to a design state

with the total pressure loss coefficient decreasing monotonically from 0.175 to 0.082 at the incoming Mach number of 1.10

with a decrease of more than 50%. The results of the cascade variable back pressure experiments indicated that the three-dimensional effects of the flow field were enhanced when the static pressure ratio exceeded 1.379

which affected the periodicity of the cascade flow

and the cascade trailing edge throttle plate interfered with the measurement of wake parameters. These findings aid in comprehending the variations in the transonic compressor cascade's operation state

shock wave structure

and unique incidence flow field. They can also serve as guidance for transonic cascade experiments.

关键词

Keywords

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