农林业固废超临界水热化学制氢进展——反应机理

郭烈锦; 王乐; 黄勇; 杜明明; 葛晖; 刘兆峥; 陈渝楠

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202301001

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农林业固废超临界水热化学制氢进展——反应机理

专题新能源与储能 | 更新时间：2025-07-09

- 农林业固废超临界水热化学制氢进展——反应机理
- Review of Thermochemical Conversion of Agriculture and Forestry Waste for Hydrogen Production in Supercritical Water — Mechanism Analysis
- 西安交通大学学报 2023年57卷第1期页码：1-14
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学动力工程多相流国家重点实验室,西安,710049
- 作者简介：
  
  : 2022-08-30。作者简介: 郭烈锦(1963—),男,教授,博士生导师,中国科学院院士。基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51888103)。
- 基金信息：
  
  : 2022-08-30。作者简介: 郭烈锦(1963—),男,教授,博士生导师,中国科学院院士。基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51888103)。
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202301001
  中图分类号： TK421.4
- 网络首发：2023-01-10，
  
  纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
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郭烈锦, 王乐, 黄勇, 等. 农林业固废超临界水热化学制氢进展——反应机理[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2023,57(1):1-14.

GUO Liejin, WANG Le, HUANG Yong, et al. Review of Thermochemical Conversion of Agriculture and Forestry Waste for Hydrogen Production in Supercritical Water — Mechanism Analysis[J]. 2023, 57(1): 1-14.
郭烈锦, 王乐, 黄勇, 等. 农林业固废超临界水热化学制氢进展——反应机理[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2023,57(1):1-14. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202301001.

GUO Liejin, WANG Le, HUANG Yong, et al. Review of Thermochemical Conversion of Agriculture and Forestry Waste for Hydrogen Production in Supercritical Water — Mechanism Analysis[J]. 2023, 57(1): 1-14. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202301001.

摘要

超临界水热化学制氢技术采用超临界水作为介质

通过热化学的方式将农林业固废中的有机成分转化成富氢气体

是一种非常具有前景的农林业固废能源化利用技术。本文主要围绕反应机理对该技术展开了系统的分析

介绍了超临界水的特殊物理化学性质; 研究了超临界水在整个农林业固废热化学反应过程中的反应机理以及主要生物质组分

例如纤维素、半纤维素、木质素和氨基酸在超临界水中的不同降解机理和路径; 针对不同的反应条件

在一定范围内提高温度、降低浓度和延长停留时间均能显著提高制氢性能

但是同时会增加系统的运行成本

而压力的变化对反应结果影响不大。对不同催化剂分析结果表明

碱金属均相催化剂在生物质的气化中虽然能够发挥显著的催化作用

但是同时会加剧设备的腐蚀问题和堵塞问题; 非均相催化剂具有高催化活性、高热稳定性、无腐蚀性及易于回收等优点

更适合应用于工业规模的超临界水热化学制氢系统。未来研究重点方向为:对于不同有机组分机理研究的定量描述; 灰分之间相互反应以及灰分与催化剂之间反应的机理研究; 进一步研究催化剂的失活机理和明确催化剂的添加量问题。

Abstract

Thermochemical conversion technology for hydrogen production in supercritical water is a very promising technology for utilization of agriculture and forestry waste by taking supercritical water as the medium and converting the organic components of agriculture and forestry waste into hydrogen-rich gas through thermochemical means. In this paper

the reaction mechanism of the technology is systematically analyzed

the special physical and chemical properties of supercritical water are described

the reaction process of agriculture and forestry waste in supercritical water is studied

and the different degradation mechanisms and paths of main biomass components

such as cellulose

hemicellulose

lignin and amino acids

in supercritical water are discussed. For different reaction conditions

increasing the temperature

reducing the concentration and prolonging the residence time within a certain range all can significantly improve the hydrogen production performance

but the system operation cost will increase accordingly. Meanwhile

the change of pressure has little effect on the reaction result. In addition

although alkali metal homogeneous catalysts can play a significant catalytic role in biomass gasification

they will aggravate equipment corrosion and blockage problems at the same time. Therefore

heterogeneous catalysts are more suitable for industrial-scale supercritical water thermochemical hydrogen production system because of such advantages as high catalytic activity

high thermal stability

non-corrosiveness and recyclability. Future researches will focus on the quantitative description of organic components' reaction mechanism

mechanism investigation of the interaction between ash and the reaction between ash and catalyst

further investigation on the deactivation mechanism of catalysts and clarification of the added amount of catalyst.

关键词

Keywords

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