凝胶推进剂及其流变特性研究进展

杨鸿辉; 赵程程; 王勇; 王熖瑶; 石博方; 陈鹏飞; 延卫

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202205017

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凝胶推进剂及其流变特性研究进展

更新时间：2025-07-09

- 凝胶推进剂及其流变特性研究进展
- Progress in Study on Gel Propellants and Their Rheological Properties
- 西安交通大学学报 2022年56卷第5期页码：166-179
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西安交通大学化学学院应用化学系,西安,710049
  2. 西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院环境科学与工程系,西安,710049
  3. 液体火箭发动机技术重点实验室,西安,710100
- 作者简介：
  
  : 2021-09-20。作者简介: 杨鸿辉(1981—),男,博士,副教授。基金项目: 国防重点实验室开放基金资助项目(61427040103)
- 基金信息：
  
  : 2021-09-20。作者简介: 杨鸿辉(1981—),男,博士,副教授。基金项目: 国防重点实验室开放基金资助项目(61427040103)
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202205017
  中图分类号： X132
- 网络首发：2022-05-10，
  
  纸质出版：2022
- 稿件说明：
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杨鸿辉, 赵程程, 王勇, 等. 凝胶推进剂及其流变特性研究进展[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2022,56(5):166-179.

YANG Honghui, ZHAO Chengcheng, WANG Yong, et al. Progress in Study on Gel Propellants and Their Rheological Properties[J]. 2022, 56(5): 166-179.
杨鸿辉, 赵程程, 王勇, 等. 凝胶推进剂及其流变特性研究进展[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2022,56(5):166-179. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202205017.

YANG Honghui, ZHAO Chengcheng, WANG Yong, et al. Progress in Study on Gel Propellants and Their Rheological Properties[J]. 2022, 56(5): 166-179. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202205017.

摘要

凝胶推进剂的流变特性

是限制凝胶推进剂的加注、雾化、混合和燃烧效率的关键因素之一。综述了以含能粉末、高分子胶凝剂、无机SiO

颗粒以及新型小分子胶凝剂(LMWG)为胶凝剂对液体推进剂中燃料、氧化剂和添加剂组分的凝胶化进展。采用含能粉末能够制备凝胶推进剂

有利于获得可触变性能、点火和燃烧效率

但是粉末材料使用量较大

容易沉降

长期储存稳定性较差。聚合物类胶凝剂由于分子结构稳定

可制备稳定性高的凝胶推进剂

且自身可燃

但是黏度较大

不利于加注、点火和燃烧效率

与金属类胶凝剂联合使用流变特性能可有所改善; SiO

具有优异的凝胶能力

对于各类组分具有广泛适应能力

但是触变性和燃烧特性表现均不理想。新型LMWG以非共价键作用力驱动自组装构建凝胶网络

有利于以较低的添加量实现推进剂凝胶化提高弹性模量; 网络的物理特性有利于降低推进剂的屈服点并加强触变特性; 较小的分子结构有利于降低液化后推进剂黏度

有利于加注和雾化; 此外LMWG多含能可燃

对推进剂的热值损耗较小。因此

LMWG可对推进剂进行精细的流变特性调控

但是由于物理结构较弱

针对小分子凝胶推进剂的稳定性研究还需要进一步加强。基于优异的可触变特性、液化后黏度小、添加量少等优势

LMWG基凝胶在推进剂凝胶化的应用中具有非常好的发展前景。

Abstract

The rheological properties are one of crucial factors limiting the injection

atomization

mixing and combustion efficiencies of gel propellants. This paper reviews the gelation of the fuel

oxidant and additive in liquid propellants by using energetic powder

polymeric gelling agent

inorganic SiO

particles and novel low molecular weight gel(LMWG)as the gelling agent. The gel propellant prepared by energetic powder has good thixotropy and ignition and combustion efficiencies but high powder consumption

undesirable sedimentation effect and poor stabili

ty for long-term storage. The gel propellant prepared by polymeric gelling agents featuring stable molecular structures has high stability and combustibility but high viscosity and low injection

ignition and combustion efficiencies

and its rheological properties can be improved by using the polymeric and metallic gelling agents together. The SiO

particles also show excellent gelation ability and wide adaptability to different components

but thixotropy and combustion characteristics are still not ideal. By contrast

novel LMWG brings gel propellant with excellent thixotropic characteristics by constructing a non-covalent interaction-driven self-assembly network. The physical network of the LMWG based gel propellant is beneficial to reduce the yield point

reduce the liquid propellant viscosity

and improve the thixotropic properties. In addition

LMWG is combustible and does not cause a serious energy loss. Therefore

LMWG can fine-regulate the rheological properties of gel propellant with excellent thixotropic properties

low viscosity

and small additive amount

and could be considered a potential candidate for future gel propellant optimization.

关键词

Keywords

references

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