水下吸声超材料的质量集中效应

马承志; 王立博; 吴九汇

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202112019

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水下吸声超材料的质量集中效应

更新时间：2025-07-09

- 水下吸声超材料的质量集中效应
- Mass Concentration Effect of Underwater Sound-Absorbing Metamaterials
- 西安交通大学学报 2021年55卷第12期页码：163-171
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西安交通大学机械工程学院,西安,710049
  2. 西安交通大学机械结构强度与振动国家重点实验室,西安,710049
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  : 2021-06-09。作者简介: 马承志(1997—),男,硕士生;吴九汇(通信作者),男,教授,博士生导师。基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51675401)
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202112019
  中图分类号： TB56
- 网络首发：2021-12-10，
  
  纸质出版：2021
- 稿件说明：
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马承志, 王立博, 吴九汇. 水下吸声超材料的质量集中效应[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2021,55(12):163-171.

Mass Concentration Effect of Underwater Sound-Absorbing Metamaterials[J]. 2021, 55(12): 163-171.
马承志, 王立博, 吴九汇. 水下吸声超材料的质量集中效应[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2021,55(12):163-171. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202112019.

Mass Concentration Effect of Underwater Sound-Absorbing Metamaterials[J]. 2021, 55(12): 163-171. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202112019.

摘要

为了降低水下吸声超材料的厚度

更加利于水下吸声的实际应用

提出了一种将质量集中效应引入水下薄板型声学超材料的设计思想。一般来说

对于经典的水下薄板型超材料

其单元胞结构是由一个四周固定的薄钢板及固定在薄钢板上方的振子构成

当平面波以一定频率垂直入射到单元胞表面时

会出现一个显著的由振子共振引起的声吸声峰。但是

在保持总质量不变的情况下

将原厚振子精确地划分为相邻的两个薄振子

可以获得类似的吸声性能

同时出现额外的吸声峰

具有多个模态

超材料的厚度会急剧下降

这种现象称为质量集中效应。为了更好地理解吸声的物理机理和优化吸声性能

运用阻抗匹配机理和有限元模拟方法

探讨了重要结构参数对吸声性能的影响。在此基础上

提出了一种多元胞结构

该结构在200～1 000 Hz范围内具有良好的宽带吸声效果。该研究为水下低厚度超材料的设计提供了一种有效的方法。

Abstract

To reduce the thickness of underwater sound absorbing metamaterials and facilitate their practical application of underwater sound absorption

a design idea of introducing mass concentration effect into underwater thin-plate acoustic metamaterials is proposed. Generally describing

for the classical underwater thin-plate metamaterial

the unit cell structure is composed of a thin steel plate fixed around and an oscillator fixed on the top of the thin steel plate. When a plane wave is vertically incident on the surface of the unit cell at a certain frequency

there is a significant sound absorption peak caused by oscillator resonance. However

in the case of keeping the total mass unchanged

if the original thick oscillator is accurately divided into two adjacent thin oscillators

similar sound absorption properties can be obtained

additional sound absorption peaks appear at the same time with multiple modes

and the thickness of the metamaterial decreases sharply. This phenomenon is called mass concentration effect. To reveal the physical mechanism of sound absorption and optimize sound absorption performance

the effects of important structural parameters on sound absorption performance are discussed by impedance matching mechanism and finite element simulation. Then a multi-cell structure is designed

which is endowed with good broadband sound absorption effect within the range of 200-1 000 Hz.

关键词

Keywords

references

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