考虑几何误差和跟随误差的五轴联动轨迹误差预测方法

吕盾; 罗世有; 王大伟; 汤洪涛; 赵万华; 卢秉恒

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202110005

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考虑几何误差和跟随误差的五轴联动轨迹误差预测方法

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- 考虑几何误差和跟随误差的五轴联动轨迹误差预测方法
- A Trajectory Error Prediction Method Considering Geometric Errors and Tracking Errors for Five-Axis Machine Tools
- 西安交通大学学报 2021年55卷第10期页码：38-49
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学机械制造系统工程国家重点实验室,西安,710054
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  : 2021-02-24。作者简介: 吕盾(1978—),男,副教授,博士生导师;赵万华(通信作者),男,教授,博士生导师。基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51775421)
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202110005
  中图分类号： TH16;TG659
- 网络首发：2021-10-10，
  
  纸质出版：2021
- 稿件说明：
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吕盾, 罗世有, 王大伟, 等. 考虑几何误差和跟随误差的五轴联动轨迹误差预测方法[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2021,55(10):38-49.

A Trajectory Error Prediction Method Considering Geometric Errors and Tracking Errors for Five-Axis Machine Tools[J]. 2021, 55(10): 38-49.
吕盾, 罗世有, 王大伟, 等. 考虑几何误差和跟随误差的五轴联动轨迹误差预测方法[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2021,55(10):38-49. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202110005.

A Trajectory Error Prediction Method Considering Geometric Errors and Tracking Errors for Five-Axis Machine Tools[J]. 2021, 55(10): 38-49. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202110005.

摘要

为了准确分析五轴联动轨迹误差

从而提升零件加工效率

提出了考虑几何误差和跟随误差的五轴联动轨迹误差预测方法

在加工前或加工中预测在某选定机床上加工某轨迹的轨迹误差

提前判断选定机床是否能够满足零件轮廓误差的要求

保证零件的加工精度

提高加工效率。所提方法将位置相关的30项几何误差表征为函数

将位置无关的11项几何误差表征为常量

读取各轴指令位置序列和光栅检测位置序列

合成了包含跟随误差和41项几何误差的刀轴矢量轨迹

实现了五轴刀心位置轨迹误差及刀轴姿态轨迹误差的预测

并选用

双转台立式五轴机床加工S形试件

对所提五轴联动轨迹误差预测方法进行实验验证。结果表明:指令轨迹和预测轨迹均呈现出S形

预测轨迹相对于指令轨迹存在一定偏差

呈现了几何误差和跟随误差的影响; 实测轨迹与预测轨迹具有相同的变化趋势

两曲线均反映出部分尖峰特征

说明预测算法的正确性。

Abstract

The cause of the trajectory error of the five-axis CNC machine tool is complex and often unpredictable before processing

and it is difficult to determine in advance whether the selected machine tool can meet the requirements of the contour error of the parts. As a result

more conservative processing parameters have to be set to meet the processing accuracy requirements during on-site processing

which greatly sacrifices the processing efficiency of the parts. In this regard

this article proposes a five-axis trajectory error prediction method that considers geometric errors and trackin

g errors. It predicts the trajectory error of a certain trajectory on a selected machine tool before or during processing

and judges in advance whether the selected machine tool can meet the requirements of part contour error

which is of great significance to ensure the machining accuracy of the part and improve the machining efficiency. In the proposed method

30 position-dependent geometric errors dependent to position(PDGES)are characterized as functions

and 11 position-independent geometric errors independent to position(PIGES)are characterized as constants. The setpoint position sequence of each axis and the raster detection position sequence are read

and the tool axis vector trajectory including the tracking errors and 41 geometric errors are synthesized to realize the prediction of the five-axis tool center position trajectory error and the tool axis posture trajectory error. And an

double-turntable vertical five-axis machine tool is used to process S-shaped specimens to verify the proposed five-axis trajectory error prediction method. The results show that both the setpoint trajectory and the predicted trajectory present an S shape

and the predicted trajectory has a certain deviation relative to the setpoint trajectory

which presents the influence of geometric errors and following errors; the measured trajectory and the predicted trajectory have the same variation trend

and both curves reflect some of the peak characteristics

which shows the correctness of the prediction algorithm.

关键词

Keywords

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