西安交通大学电气工程学院,西安,710049
网络首发:2021-01-10,
纸质出版:2021
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李杰 1, 王秀丽 1, 邵成成 1, 等. 地区电网负荷预测的灰色Verhulst与系统动力学组合模型[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2021,55(1):68-77.
Grey Verhulst and System Dynamics Combined Model for Regional Power Grid Load Forecasting[J]. 2021, 55(1): 68-77.
李杰 1, 王秀丽 1, 邵成成 1, 等. 地区电网负荷预测的灰色Verhulst与系统动力学组合模型[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2021,55(1):68-77. DOI: 10.7652/xjtuxb202101009.
Grey Verhulst and System Dynamics Combined Model for Regional Power Grid Load Forecasting[J]. 2021, 55(1): 68-77. DOI: 10.7652/xjtuxb202101009.
为解决传统地区电网负荷预测中单一模型预测误差较大的风险和无法充分利用历史数据的缺陷
提出一种地区电网负荷预测的线性组合模型——灰色Verhulst与系统动力学组合模型。以社会用电量历史数据为原始数据
先后建立灰微分方程和白化微分方程并进行求解
得到基于灰色Verhulst模型的负荷预测时间序列
该模型适用于负荷按照S形曲线增长或负荷增长处于饱和阶段的预测; 综合考虑经济、人口、能源替代和再电气化等对社会用电量的影响
建立负荷预测的经济子系统、人口子系统、能源替代和再电气化子系统、电力消费子系统
得到基于系统动力学的负荷预测模型
该模型适用于结构复杂、原始信息丰富、子系统之间联系紧密的负荷预测。在不增加复杂性的基础上
通过最小方差准则对单一模型进行线性组合
建立地区电网负荷预测的组合模型。采用枣庄市所有地块进行算例分析
结果表明:在充分利用了负荷历史数据后
71%的地块的预测精度较单一模型的有所提高; 在采用最小方差准则对单一模型进行线性组合后
29%的地块产生较大预测误差的风险较单一模型的有所降低。
To solve the risk of large forecast errors of a single model and the inability to make full use of historical data in the traditional regional power grid load forecasting
this paper proposes a linear combination model of regional power grid load forecasting
i.e. combination model of grey Verhulst and system dynamics. Taking the historical data of social electricity consumption as the original data
the grey differential equation and the whitening differential equation are successively established and solved to obtain the load forecast time series based on the grey Verhulst model
which is adopted to predict the load growth in accordance with the S-shaped curve or the load growth in saturation stage. Comprehensively considering the impacts of economy
population
energy substitution and re-electrification on social electricity consumption
the economic subsystem
population subsystem
energy substitution and re-electrification subsystem and power consumption subsystem of load forecasting are established
then a load forecasting model based on system dynamics is obtained
which is suitable for load forecasting with complex structure
rich original information and close connection among the subsystems. Without increasing complexity
single model is linearly combined following the minimum variance criterion to establish a combined model for regional power grid load forecasting. All areas in Zaozhuang city are employed to analyze the calculation examples. The results show that after making full use of the historical load data
the prediction accuracy of 71% of the areas is higher than that of a single model; after considering the minimum variance criterion to linearly combine the single model
29% of the areas encounter lower risk of large prediction errors than a single model.
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