冲击特征受控极小化通用稀疏表示及其在机械故障诊断中的应用

贺王鹏 1; 2; 訾艳阳 1; 陈彬强 3

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb201604015

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冲击特征受控极小化通用稀疏表示及其在机械故障诊断中的应用

更新时间：2025-07-09

- 冲击特征受控极小化通用稀疏表示及其在机械故障诊断中的应用
- Majorization Minimization Oriented Sparse Optimization Method for Feature Extraction Technique in Machinery Fault Diagnosis
- 西安交通大学学报 2016年50卷第4期页码：94-99
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西安交通大学机械制造系统工程国家重点实验室,西安,710049
  2. 美国纽约大学工程学院,纽约,美国,11201
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  : 2015-08-11。作者简介: 贺王鹏(1989—),男,博士生;訾艳阳(通信作者),男,教授,博士生导师。基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51275384);福建省重大科技项目(2014H6025);福建省高端装备制造协同创新中心资助项目
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb201604015
  中图分类号： TH17
- 网络首发：2016-04-10，
  
  纸质出版：2016
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
贺王鹏 1, 2, 訾艳阳 1, 等. 冲击特征受控极小化通用稀疏表示及其在机械故障诊断中的应用[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2016,50(4):94-99.

Majorization Minimization Oriented Sparse Optimization Method for Feature Extraction Technique in Machinery Fault Diagnosis[J]. 2016, 50(4): 94-99.
贺王鹏 1, 2, 訾艳阳 1, 等. 冲击特征受控极小化通用稀疏表示及其在机械故障诊断中的应用[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2016,50(4):94-99. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb201604015.

Majorization Minimization Oriented Sparse Optimization Method for Feature Extraction Technique in Machinery Fault Diagnosis[J]. 2016, 50(4): 94-99. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb201604015.

摘要

针对强背景噪声下机械故障微弱暂态特征表示和有效提取的难题

提出了通用的稀疏优化特征提取算法。算法针对含噪声冲击性特征提取问题设计了稀疏优化表征函数

该函数融合了冲击特征的保真度与惩罚函数因子

考虑了正则化参数以适应不同工程背景下各分析因子的实际影响

实现处理结果稀疏性极大化。同时

引入受控极小化方法对设计的表征函数进行转化

分解成一系列凸优化分析问题。提出了针对离散信号的有限差分式数值迭代算法

验证了其快速收敛性和数值稳定性

提出的算法对机械故障诊断的数字采样信号具有普遍适用性。将所提出的算法应用于实验室环境下的轴承故障特征识别中

无论是低噪声还是低信噪比白噪声环境下

振动信号中的冲击特征都得到了显著增强

在Hilbert包络谱中的故障特征频率及其高次谐波比能量中占优。所提出的算法还应用于电力机车走行部轮对的故障诊断中

在高强度的工程有色噪声环境下精确提取了其中的冲击衰减成分

在时域和频域诊断结果中都得到了准确的验证

指导了诊断实践。

Abstract

To deal with the effective representation and extraction of incipient transient features of mechanical fault

a general sparsity based identification approach is proposed. This approach designs a sparsity optimization function that integrates impulsive feature preserving factor and penalty function factor

and takes the regularization parameter into consideration such as to address the actual factor weights in different situations. The majorization minimization is introduced to simplify the designed function into a series of convex optimization problems. A finite difference based numerical iterative method is developed for the proposed approach

and its fast convergence and numerical stability are illustrated. The proposed approach is versatile to digital signal processing of mechanical fault detecting practices

and is applied to bearing fault identifications in lab. It is shown that no matter in high or low noise backgrounds

the impulsive components are significantly enhanced

which can be verified in the dominant energy ratios of characteristic frequencies in the Hilbert envelope spectrum. This approach is also utilized to conduct bearing fault diagnosis of traction part of electrical locomotive

and the impulsive features masked by heavy colored noises are effectively detected in time domain and spectral domain.

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references

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何正嘉, 訾艳阳, 陈雪峰, 等. 内积变换原理与机械故障诊断 [J]. 振动工程学报, 2007, 20(5): 528-533.

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