机床柔性主轴转子低速无试重动平衡方法研究

章云 1; 梅雪松 2

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb201604014

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机床柔性主轴转子低速无试重动平衡方法研究

更新时间：2025-07-09

- 机床柔性主轴转子低速无试重动平衡方法研究
- A Low-Speed Balancing Method for the Flexible Rotor of Machine Tool Spindles Without Trial Weights
- 西安交通大学学报 2016年50卷第4期页码：89-93
- 作者机构：
  
  西安电子科技大学机电工程学院,西安,710071
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  : 2015-09-23。作者简介: 章云(1983—),男,博士,讲师。基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51305324);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(JB140408)
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb201604014
  中图分类号： TH113.25
- 网络首发：2016-04-10，
  
  纸质出版：2016
- 稿件说明：
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章云 1, 梅雪松 2. 机床柔性主轴转子低速无试重动平衡方法研究[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2016,50(4):89-93.

A Low-Speed Balancing Method for the Flexible Rotor of Machine Tool Spindles Without Trial Weights[J]. 2016, 50(4): 89-93.
章云 1, 梅雪松 2. 机床柔性主轴转子低速无试重动平衡方法研究[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2016,50(4):89-93. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb201604014.

A Low-Speed Balancing Method for the Flexible Rotor of Machine Tool Spindles Without Trial Weights[J]. 2016, 50(4): 89-93. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb201604014.

摘要

为解决机床柔性主轴转子动平衡过程中需要在高速下试重的问题

提出一种柔性主轴转子低速无试重动平衡方法。在构建机床主轴动力学模型的基础上

根据刚体力学理论

通过对不平衡量与振动响应之间映射关系的提取

实现了工作转速下采集一次振动数据即可完成不平衡量的无试重识别; 为了在非真实失衡面对呈现柔性特征的主轴转子失衡振动进行有效抑制

分析了柔性状态下的不平衡主轴模态振动行为

并基于此提出了不平衡量校正位置迁移方法。在高速柔性电主轴动平衡平台上进行了仿真与实验分析

实验在7 200 r/min时进行

结果表明:基于一阶临界转速下所采集的振动数据

可得到迁移至两侧配重平面的等效不平衡量

对该不平衡量予以校正之后

一阶临界转速下主轴振动幅值下降了74.7%

且临界转速前后的振动降幅也较为明显

有效抑制了高速振型不平衡。

Abstract

A low-speed balancing method for the flexible rotor of machine tool spindles without trial weights is presented to avoid the complicated and dangerous process of taking trial weights during the balancing operation. First

the relationship between the imbalance vector and the vibration response is extracted from a proposed dynamic model of the spindle system based on the theory of rigid body dynamics

and then

the formula for solving the imbalance vector is obtained by collecting vibration data only once at operating speeds without trial weight. In order to suppress the imbalance vibration of the flexible rotor by adding counterweights on correcting positions rather than only on the actual imbalance located positions

a transfer-correcting method for balancing flexible rotor is proposed based on the analysis of the modal vibration behavior for rotors under flexible state. Simulation and experimental analysis of a high-speed spindle system are performed at 7 200 r/min

and the results show that the proposed solving process corrects the equivalent imbalance on correcting positions rather than only on the actual imbalance located positions

while only the vibration information at the first order critical speed is collected. After the counterweights are added

the amplitude of the vibration at the first order critical speed is reduced by 74.7%

and the vibration amplitudes of the rotor around the first order critical speed are greatly reduced

which means the imbalance vibration induced by modal shape is effectively suppressed.

关键词

Keywords

references

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