大气降尘中重金属元素及铅同位素分析

杨柳; 李旭祥

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb201402020

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大气降尘中重金属元素及铅同位素分析

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- 大气降尘中重金属元素及铅同位素分析
- Analysis of Heavy Metal Pollution in Atmospheric Deposition
- 西安交通大学学报 2014年48卷第2期页码：118-124
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学人居环境与建筑工程学院,西安,710049
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  : 2013-04-28。作者简介: 杨柳(1981-),女,博士生;李旭祥(通信作者),男,教授,博士生导师。基金项目: 国家环境保护部公益性行业科研专项基金资助项目(201109053)
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb201402020
  中图分类号： X508
- 网络首发：2014-02-10，
  
  纸质出版：2014
- 稿件说明：
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杨柳, 李旭祥. 大气降尘中重金属元素及铅同位素分析[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2014,48(2):118-124.

Analysis of Heavy Metal Pollution in Atmospheric Deposition[J]. 2014, 48(2): 118-124.
杨柳, 李旭祥. 大气降尘中重金属元素及铅同位素分析[J]. 西安交通大学学报, 2014,48(2):118-124. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb201402020.

Analysis of Heavy Metal Pollution in Atmospheric Deposition[J]. 2014, 48(2): 118-124. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb201402020.

摘要

针对重金属污染溯源问题

以某工业区为例

用测定大气降尘中重金属浓度与同位素比值的方法探寻污染来源及污染传播途径。通过采集当地大气降尘、土壤背景、植物、矿石和煤渣样品

进行重金属元素含量和铅同位素比值分析。结果表明:大气降尘中重金属Pb、Zn、As、Cu含量远大于土壤背景值

且相关性明显、空间分布相似; 沿河沟方向Pb、Zn含量与距冶炼厂距离呈负相关

推测重金属污染与冶炼厂有关; 而As含量在电厂附近略有增高

认为电厂对重金属As有一定贡献

为复合型污染; 同位素分析显示

冶炼厂煤渣、淬水渣样品与大气降尘样品铅同位素组成相似

表明降尘中重金属铅主要来源于冶炼厂

电厂对降尘中铅元素积累影响不大; 大气降尘与植物样品铅同位素组成相当

大气降尘中重金属对工业区周边小麦污染的贡献率为89%～92%。

Abstract

The concentration of heavy metals in atmospheric deposition and the isotope ratio method are used to trace the source and dispersion of the heavy metal pollution of the air in a typical industrial area. Atmospheric deposition

soil

plants

ore

and coal cinder samples are collected and analyzed for the concentrations of heavy metals and the isotope ration of lead. The results show that the concentrations of the Pb、Zn、As、Cu in atmospheric deposition are larger than soil background levels

and have an obvious correlation with the soil background levels and that both values have a similar spatial distribution. It is found that the nearer the smelting area

the heavier the concentrations of heavy metals in the atmospheric deposition

and shows that the pollution source is the smelting. It is also found that the heavy metals come from a power plant

and is a compound pollution. Analyses of lead isotopes show that the lead isotope compositions in atmospheric deposition are similar to those in ores and the coal cinder

and that the main pollution source of lead is the smelting

and the power plant has a little effect on Pb deposition accumulation. Furthermore

the atmospheric deposition and plants have similar lead isotope compositions

and the contribution rate of the heavy metals in atmospheric deposition to the plants is 89%-92%.

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