The group velocity of optical waves through one-dimensional photonic crystals is investigated based on Kronig-Penney model
whose exact analytic expression is derived via the transfer matrix method. The dispersion relation and the characteristics of group velocity distribution are discussed. The simulated result indicates that the group velocity within the allowed bands is finite real number
but near the bandgap edge the group velocity reduces rapidly and approaches zero to demonstrate an exceedingly long optical length and much delay time in the photonic crystal. Especially
within the anomalous dispersion regions
the superluminal propagation at a negative group velocity arises obviously
and the group velocity is affected by the dielectric layer thickness ratio and refraction index contrast remarkably.
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references
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