富铁白松生物炭/石蜡复合相变材料的制备及性能研究

朱舸; 梅奎升; 叶豪; 陶于兵

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富铁白松生物炭/石蜡复合相变材料的制备及性能研究

更新时间：2026-05-06

- 富铁白松生物炭/石蜡复合相变材料的制备及性能研究
- Preparation and Properties of Fe-Rich White Pine Biochar/Paraffin Composite Phase Change Materials
- 西安交通大学学报 2026年
- 作者机构：
  
  1.西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院，热流科学与工程教育部重点实验室, 710049, 西安
  2.西安交通大学未来技术学院, 710049, 西安
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：
  中图分类号： TK02
- 收稿：2026-02-07，
  
  修回：2026-04-27，
  
  录用：2026-05-06，
- 稿件说明：
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朱舸, 梅奎升, 叶豪, 等. 富铁白松生物炭/石蜡复合相变材料的制备及性能研究[J/OL]. 西安交通大学学报, 2026.

ZHU Ge, MEI Kuisheng, YE Hao, et al. Preparation and Properties of Fe-Rich White Pine Biochar/Paraffin Composite Phase Change Materials[J/OL]. JOURNAL OF XI’AN JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY, 2026.
朱舸, 梅奎升, 叶豪, 等. 富铁白松生物炭/石蜡复合相变材料的制备及性能研究[J/OL]. 西安交通大学学报, 2026. DOI：

ZHU Ge, MEI Kuisheng, YE Hao, et al. Preparation and Properties of Fe-Rich White Pine Biochar/Paraffin Composite Phase Change Materials[J/OL]. JOURNAL OF XI’AN JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY, 2026. DOI：

摘要

为了解决有机固液相变材料的导热系数低及液相易泄漏难题，结合废弃生物质资源的高值化利用，提出了一种生物炭骨架结构改性与界面化学调控的双重优化策略。以废弃木材白松为碳源，采用KOH化学活化与Fe负载分步处理，制备了具有分级孔隙结构的磁性高导热生物炭载体（KFeC）。以此为基体，引入生物表面活性剂鼠李糖脂作为界面改性剂，制备了KFeC/石蜡/鼠李糖脂定型复合相变材料（KFeC/PWR）。系统研究了载体孔隙结构、界面改性等对复合材料相变行为、导热性能及热循环稳定性的影响。研究结果表明：KOH活化与Fe诱导的碳骨架局部有序化协同作用，显著优化了生物炭的孔隙结构，KFeC的比表面积提升至原始生物炭的2.03倍；原位生成的铁物种（Fe/Fe

）纳米粒子构建了高效导热网络，使复合材料的导热系数达到0.602 W·m

-1

·K

-1

，为纯石蜡的2.5倍。此外，鼠李糖脂通过在无机-有机界面处的锚定作用，显著改善了界面相容性并增强了毛细吸附力。在50次熔融凝固循环后，KFeC/PWR的潜热损失率仅为1.95%，远低于未改性组的12.25%，且无宏观泄漏现象。该研究证实了生物表面活性剂辅助封装策略的有效性，为设计长寿命、高可靠性的生物质基相变热能储存材料提供了新思路。

Abstract

To address the critical challenges of low thermal conductivity and liquid leakage in organic solid-liquid phase change materials

while promoting the high-value valorization of waste biomass resources

this study proposes a dual optimization strategy involving biochar framework modification and interfacial chemical regulation. A magnetic

highly thermally conductive biochar support (KFeC) featuring a hierarchical pore structure was prepared using waste wood (white pine) as the carbon precursor

utilizing a sequential process of KOH chemical activation and Fe impregnation. Using this biochar as the supporting matrix

a form-stable composite PCM (KFeC/PWR) was fabricated by incorporating the biosurfactant rhamnolipid as an interfacial modifier into the paraffin wax system. The effects of the support's pore structure and interfacial modification on the phase change behavior

thermal conductivity

and thermal cycling stability of the composites were systematically investigated. The results indicate that the synergistic effect of KOH activation and Fe-induced local ordering of the carbon skeleton significantly optimized the pore struct

ure of the biochar. Specifically

the specific surface area of KFeC increased to 2.03 times that of the original biochar. Furthermore

in-situ generated iron species (Fe/Fe

) nanoparticles constructed an efficient thermal conduction network

yielding a thermal conductivity of 0.602 W·m

-1

·K

-1

for the composite

which is approximately 2.5 times that of pure paraffin. Moreover

the rhamnolipid significantly improved interfacial compatibility and enhanced capillary adsorption forces through its anchoring effect at the inorganic-organic interface. After 50 melting-freezing cycles

the latent heat loss rate of KFeC/PWR was only 1.95% (significantly lower than the 12.25% observed in the unmodified group)

with no macroscopic leakage observed. This study validates the effectiveness of the biosurfactant-assisted encapsulation strategy

providing a novel approach for designing long-life

highly reliable biomass-based PCMs for thermal energy storage.

关键词

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