电力变压器绝缘垫块黏弹性本构模型构建及参数辨识

徐明阳; 张凡; 张雷; 高树国; 田源; 于德源; 赵振杰; 汲胜昌

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电力变压器绝缘垫块黏弹性本构模型构建及参数辨识

更新时间：2026-01-29

- 电力变压器绝缘垫块黏弹性本构模型构建及参数辨识
- Construction of Viscoelastic Constitutive Model for Power Transformer Insulation Spacers and Parameter Identification
- 西安交通大学学报 2026年
- 作者机构：
  
  1.西安交通大学电工材料电气绝缘国家重点实验室，710049，西安
  2.国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院，050021，石家庄
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：
  中图分类号： TM41
- 收稿：2025-10-21，
  
  修回：2026-01-11，
  
  录用：2026-01-28，
- 稿件说明：
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徐明阳, 张凡, 张雷, 等. 电力变压器绝缘垫块黏弹性本构模型构建及参数辨识[J/OL]. 西安交通大学学报, 2026.

XU Mingyang, ZHANG Fan, ZHANG Lei, et al. Construction of Viscoelastic Constitutive Model for Power Transformer Insulation Spacers and Parameter Identification[J/OL]. JOURNAL OF XI’AN JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY, 2026.
徐明阳, 张凡, 张雷, 等. 电力变压器绝缘垫块黏弹性本构模型构建及参数辨识[J/OL]. 西安交通大学学报, 2026. DOI：

XU Mingyang, ZHANG Fan, ZHANG Lei, et al. Construction of Viscoelastic Constitutive Model for Power Transformer Insulation Spacers and Parameter Identification[J/OL]. JOURNAL OF XI’AN JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY, 2026. DOI：

摘要

针对动态载荷下电力变压器绝缘垫块黏弹性特性表征不足，进而导致绕组暂态振动位移难以精确计算的问题，本文通过循环压缩实验对其在不同频率载荷条件下的力学响应特性进行了系统研究，揭示了该材料在加载初期应变快速累积、进入稳态阶段后力学性能逐渐趋于稳定的演化规律。基于实验结果构建了计及垫块超弹性、黏弹性和时变粘性系数的凯尔-沃格特串联本构模型，并采用自适应差分进化算法对本构模型参数进行有效辨识。研究结果表明：本文所构建的本构模型能够有效表征电力变压器短路冲击过程中绝缘垫块粘性应变快速累积后趋于饱和的特征，并可模拟短路结束后应变逐渐恢复的力学响应，基于本构模型辨识参数计算得到的应力应变曲线与垫块实验数据高度一致，决定系数

²均高于0.980。该研究成果可为电力变压器抗短路能力设计与运行状态精确评估提供重要的理论依据与工程参考。

Abstract

To address the insufficient characterization of the viscoelastic properties of power transformer insulation spacers under dynamic loading

which in turn makes it difficult to accurately calculate the transient vibration displacement of windings

this paper systematically in

vestigates the mechanical behavior of the insulation spacers under cyclic compression loads at different frequencies. The results reveal that during the initial loading phase

strain accumulates rapidly and the mechanical properties stabilize after entering the steady-state stage. Based on the experimental results

a Kelvin–Voigt series constitutive model incorporating hyperelasticity

viscoelasticity

and time-varying viscosity coefficients is established

and an adaptive differential evolution algorithm is further employed to identify the model parameters. The results demonstrate that the proposed constitutive model can accurately capture the rapid accumulation and subsequent saturation of viscous strain of insulation spacers during power transformer short-circuit impacts

and can further simulate the gradual strain recovery after the short-circuit event. The stress–strain curves calculated using the identified constitutive parameters show excellent agreement with the experimental data of the insulation spacers

with coefficients of determination

² exceeding 0.98 in all cases. The proposed study provides an important theoretical basis and engineering reference for power transformer short-circuit withstand design and accurate assessment of operating conditions.

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references

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