基于互易性原理的桥丝型电火工品瞬态电磁脉冲场辐照效应发火规律研究

张博渊; 梁涛; 薛婉婷; 谢彦召

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基于互易性原理的桥丝型电火工品瞬态电磁脉冲场辐照效应发火规律研究

更新时间：2026-01-02

- 基于互易性原理的桥丝型电火工品瞬态电磁脉冲场辐照效应发火规律研究
- Study on Ignition Regularity of Bridge-wire Electro-Explosive Devices Under Transient Electromagnetic Pulse Irradiation Based on Reciprocity Principle
- 默认刊物名称 2026年
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学，电气工程学院，710049，西安
- 作者简介：
  
  梁涛
- 基金信息：
- DOI：
  中图分类号： TJ450.1
- 收稿：2025-06-06，
  
  修回：2025-07-01，
  
  录用：2025-12-02，
- 稿件说明：
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张博渊, 梁涛, 薛婉婷, 等. 基于互易性原理的桥丝型电火工品瞬态电磁脉冲场辐照效应发火规律研究[J/OL]. 默认刊物名称, 2026.

ZHANG Boyuan, LIANG Tao, XUE Wanting, et al. Study on Ignition Regularity of Bridge-wire Electro-Explosive Devices Under Transient Electromagnetic Pulse Irradiation Based on Reciprocity Principle[J/OL]. Moren Journal, 2026.
张博渊, 梁涛, 薛婉婷, 等. 基于互易性原理的桥丝型电火工品瞬态电磁脉冲场辐照效应发火规律研究[J/OL]. 默认刊物名称, 2026. DOI：

ZHANG Boyuan, LIANG Tao, XUE Wanting, et al. Study on Ignition Regularity of Bridge-wire Electro-Explosive Devices Under Transient Electromagnetic Pulse Irradiation Based on Reciprocity Principle[J/OL]. Moren Journal, 2026. DOI：

摘要

为评估瞬态电磁脉冲场（TEMP）辐照时桥丝型电火工品（EED）的安全限值，阐明EED在TEMP作用下的发火规律。本研究提出一种基于电磁互易性原理的EED电磁耦合高效计算模型，结合EED发火判据，构建了EED的电弧/温升发火评估模型，研究了单次、重频TEMP辐照下的EED发火规律。研究表明：在单次TEMP辐照下，EED的主要发火机制为电弧发火，这源于EED脚-壳间显著的共模耦合效应，单次TEMP作用时EED脚-壳共模耦合强度可达桥丝差模耦合的数十倍量级。在重频TEMP辐照下，当单周期内电磁脉冲强度足够时，EED脚-壳间出现瞬态电击穿过程，直接触发电弧点火，后续重复频次脉冲周期仅维持电弧稳定；当单周期内TEMP强度不满足电击穿条件时，若桥丝热平衡时间远大于重频周期，则桥丝处通过不断热积累可导致温升点火；在重频TEMP辐照下，发火方式同入射场强度以及持续时间密切相关，两类发火机制均有可能发生。研究成果对于定量分析EED的电磁安全性具有重要支撑意义。

Abstract

To evaluate the safety limits of bridge wire electro-explosive device (EED) under transient electromagnetic pulse(TEMP) irradiation and elucidate its ignition mechanisms

this study proposes an efficient EED electromagnetic coupling calculation model based on the principle of electromagnetic reciprocity

combines it with the EED ignition criterion to establish an arc/thermal-ignition assessment model

and investigates the ignition behavior under both single and repetitive TEMP irradiation. The research reveals that under single TEMP irradiation

the primary ignition mechanism is arc ignition

arising from the significant common-mode coupling effect between the EED pins and shell

where the pin-to-shell common-mode coupling intensity can reach tens of times that of the bridge wire differential-mode coupling. Under repetitive TEMP irradiation

if the electromagnetic pulse intensity within a single pulse period is sufficient

transient electrical breakdown occurs between the pins and shell

directly triggering arc ignition with subsequent pulses merely sustaining the stable arc; however

if the single-pulse intensity is insufficient for breakdown

thermal ignition via continuous thermal accumulation at the bridge wire can occur provided its thermal equilibrium time is significantly longer than the repetition period. Consequently

the ignition mode (arc or thermal) under repetitive TEMP irradiation is closely related to the incident field intensity and duration

with both mechanisms being possible. These findings provide significant support for the quantitative electromagnetic safety analysis of EED.

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references

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