强流加速器中子源高能束流传输线的束流均匀化研究

苏浩泉; 孔国庆; 李竞伦; 潘文龙; 陈勇奇; 胡耀程; 姜泉旭; 杨京鹤; 李海鹏; 王盛

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强流加速器中子源高能束流传输线的束流均匀化研究

更新时间：2025-08-05

- 强流加速器中子源高能束流传输线的束流均匀化研究
- Beam Uniformization Study of the High-Energy Beam Transport in a High-Current Accelerator-Driven Neutron Source
- 默认刊物名称 2025年
- 作者机构：
  
  1.西安交通大学湖州中子科学实验室,浙江省湖州市313000
  2.西安交通大学核科学与技术学院,陕西省西安市710049
  3.中国原子能科学研究院,北京市北京市102413
  4.华硼中子科技（杭州）有限公司,浙江省杭州市310000
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：
  中图分类号： TL501+.5
- 收稿：2025-05-07，
  
  修回：2025-07-24，
  
  录用：2025-08-05，
- 稿件说明：
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苏浩泉, 孔国庆, 李竞伦, 等. 强流加速器中子源高能束流传输线的束流均匀化研究[J/OL]. 默认刊物名称, 2025.

SU Haoquan, KONG Guoqing, LI Jinglun, et al. Beam Uniformization Study of the High-Energy Beam Transport in a High-Current Accelerator-Driven Neutron Source[J/OL]. Moren Journal, 2025.
苏浩泉, 孔国庆, 李竞伦, 等. 强流加速器中子源高能束流传输线的束流均匀化研究[J/OL]. 默认刊物名称, 2025. DOI：

SU Haoquan, KONG Guoqing, LI Jinglun, et al. Beam Uniformization Study of the High-Energy Beam Transport in a High-Current Accelerator-Driven Neutron Source[J/OL]. Moren Journal, 2025. DOI：

摘要

为满足强流连续波运行模式下加速器中子源对高传输效率与束流均匀度的双重要求，本文开展了高能束流传输线（HEBT）的束流动力学设计与均匀化研究，提出了一种兼顾双靶供束与末端均匀展宽的HEBT结构优化方案。设计通过磁铁布局优化，实现了质子能量2.8 MeV、束流强度20 mA，束流占空比100%的质子束从加速器出口至靶终端的高效传输，传输效率超过99.90%。在终端段前引入1台双向偏转2极磁铁，实现对2个靶站的独立供束，显著提升了束流利用率。针对终端段空间紧凑的问题，在偏转磁铁后设计了由2组双单元4极磁铁和2台连续布置的8极磁铁构成的组合磁铁布局，在3.2 m空间内实现了

x、y

方向的均匀展宽，并在靶面上形成了边长约110 mm，均匀度超过90%的方形束斑，从而兼顾了高传输效率与高均匀度需求。通过调节终端段4极与8极磁铁参数，实现在50 mm~130 mm范围内灵活调控束斑尺寸，均匀度保持在86%以上。采用TraceWin进行多粒子追踪模拟，系统评估了该方案在非理想入射束流和磁铁误差条件下的稳定性。进一步引入束流位置监测器与校正磁铁的联合控制机制，建立反馈回路，实现束流轨道的有效校正，降低误差对传输性能的影响。1 000次随机误差模拟结果表明：该设计在多种工况下均能保持传输效率大于99.84%，均匀度大于80%，验证了其良好的误差容忍性与工程可实现性。

Abstract

To meet the dual requirements of high transmission efficiency and beam uniformity for accelerator-based neutron sources operating in continuous wave (CW) high-current mode

this study presents the beam dynamics design and uniformization optimization of the High Energy Beam Transport (HEBT) line. An optimized HEBT layout is proposed

enabling both dual-target beam delivery and terminal beam uniformity. Through magnetic lattice optimization

a 2.8 MeV

20 mA

100% duty cycle proton beam is efficiently transported from the RFQ exit to the target station

achieving a transmission efficiency exceeding 99.90%. A dual-direction bending dipole magnet is introduced before the terminal section to realize independent beam delivery to two target stations

significantly improving beam utilization. To address the limited space in the terminal section

a compact magnetic structure—consisting of two doublet quadrupole pairs and two consecutively placed octupoles—is implemented

enabling uniform beam expansion in both x and y directions within a 3.2 m space. A square beam spot of approximately 110 mm in size with over 90% uniformity is formed on the target surface

satisfying the combined demands for efficiency and uniformity. Moreover

by adjusting the parameters of the terminal quadrupoles and octupoles

the beam spot size can be flexibly tuned within the 50–130 mm range while maintaining uniformity above 86%. Multi-particle tracking simulations using TraceWin were conducted to evaluate the robustness of the design under non-ideal input beams and magnetic field errors. A feedback correction mechanism

integrating beam position monitors and steering magnets

was established to effectively correct beam trajectory deviations. Results from 1

000 random error simulations demonstrate that the design consistently maintains transmission efficiency above 99.84% and beam uniformity above 80% under various conditions

confirming its strong error tolerance and engineering feasibility.

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