为改善水力机械的空化现象,基于流动控制结构布置原则和波茨坦水池测试(PPTC)螺旋桨空化流场特性,在保障整体性能的前提下,分别在叶尖与叶根位置设计控制结构进行局部调控。对比分析4种改进螺旋桨与原始螺旋桨的空化流场特性,研究控制结构对螺旋桨空化流场调控的作用机理。结果表明:添加控制结构牺牲了较小的效率,显著减小了空泡区域体积,改善了螺旋桨综合性能;重载工况下,PPTC-t2螺旋桨的综合性能最好,效率损失了0.134%
空泡区域体积减小了24.6%;设计工况下,PPTC-t1螺旋桨的综合性能最好,效率损失了0.284%
空泡区域体积减小了19.5%;控制结构附近流速降低,诱发了局部高压,延缓了空化发生,实现了空化流场的局部调控。研究为改善水力机械的空化问题提供了有效途径。
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