最新刊期
卷 59 ， 期 8 ， 2025
- 摘要：To address the challenge of balancing resource utilization and load balancing in edge nodes with limited resources during industrial microservice deployment, an improved multi-objective white shark optimizer (IMOWSO) is proposed. Considering the co-optimization of resource utilization and load conditions in edge nodes during industrial microservice deployment, a multi-objective optimization model is established with four key metrics: computational resource margin of edge nodes, service communication energy consumption, load balancing status, and storage resource margin. To solve this model, the improved algorithm enhances the original multi-objective white shark optimizer (MOWSO) in four aspects: initial population quality, convergence speed, ability to escape local optima, and preservation of high-quality solutions. Specifically, chaotic mapping initialization, adaptive weight factors, differential evolution operators, and an elite retention strategy are introduced. Experimental results demonstrate that compared to the original MOWSO, the proposed IMOWSO achieves optimizations of 13.8%, 37.1%, 63.9%, and 47.4% in the four metrics, respectively. Furthermore, when compared to the second-generation genetic algorithm, the improvements reach 63.2%, 53.2%, 39.1%, and 63.6%, respectively, while also exhibiting faster convergence speed.关键词：industrial microservices deployment;edge nodes;multi-objective optimization;white shark optimization algorithm144|32|0更新时间：2025-07-30
- 摘要：Considering the characteristics of decentralized resource layouts in social manufacturing, as well as the issues of data privacy and information silos faced by traditional centralized modeling, this paper proposes a resilience capability prediction framework based on federated learning. The framework analyzes the impact of various factors on product processing time from multiple perspectives. First, considering different interruption scenarios in production processes, a working hour disturbance model is established with the order delivery cycle as the objective function to calculate loss time. Subsequently, a federated learning network model is constructed based on a distributed learning paradigm. Next, a federated mini-batch gradient descent (FedMBGD) algorithm is designed, detailing the algorithmic process and performing local training. Finally, the resilience capability of social manufacturing is predicted in conjunction with the working hour disturbance model and the algorithm. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm are validated through comparisons with other algorithms. The research results indicate that the proposed algorithm significantly enhances convergence and optimization capabilities, raising prediction accuracy to over 90%. Furthermore, it enables dynamic and precise prediction of social manufacturing resilience without sharing raw data, resolving the conflict between data privacy and collaborative modeling. This study provides theoretical references for predicting resilience capabilities in social manufacturing models and offers guidance for algorithm training with private data, parameter uploading, and information sharing.关键词：social manufacturing;working hour disturbance;federated mini-batch gradient descent;manufacturing resilience capacity prediction105|22|0更新时间：2025-07-30
- 摘要：To address the high costs and low efficiency faced by electromechanical equipment manufacturers when providing maintenance, repair, overhaul, and operation (MRO) services to remote clients, a digital twin-driven remote operation and maintenance method for electromechanical equipment is proposed. First, an analysis is conducted from both the remote operation and maintenance service server and client perspectives, leading to the construction of a mathematical model for digital twin remote MRO services. Next, cloud servers are utilized to achieve virtual-physical synchronization between local clients and remote servers. A twin electromechanical model of the equipment is established from the server’s perspective, and the issue of heterogeneous data integration in remote maintenance is addressed. The implementation process of remote maintenance services and intelligent fault diagnosis is investigated. Finally, a three-axis computer numerical control machining device is selected as the subject for deploying a three-layer architecture of digital twin remote maintenance services, facilitating synchronized monitoring of the operating process and spindle motor fault diagnosis. The results indicate that the twin model at the remote service end enables real-time synchronized monitoring of the client device, allowing for remote data collection, analysis, and intelligent fault diagnosis, thereby validating the effectiveness of the proposed model and method. This research provides a reference for digital twin-driven remote maintenance services.关键词：digital twin;maintenance/repair/overhaul and operation;remote operation and maintenance;mechatronics equipment97|30|0更新时间：2025-07-30
Special Topic Industrial Internet and Manufacturing Services
- 摘要：In order to address the issue of unclarified effect of adjacent roughness elements on plate transition, direct numerical simulation was employed to investigate the transition induced by the spanwise arrangement of adjacent roughness elements, comprising cylinders and ramps. These roughness elements were resolved utilizing the embedded boundary method, with spanwise intervals set at 2.5h and 5h, respectively, where h denotes the height of the roughness elements. The study elucidated the effects of transient and time-averaged flow characteristics, coherent structures, and characteristic modes. Findings indicated that ramps with significant disturbances predominantly influenced the breakdown of hairpin vortices, the onset of transition, and the energy transferred from time-averaged flow to the fluctuating flow. With the ramp neglected, a decrease in spanwise spacing effectively promoted transition. The interplay between roughness elements of varying shapes could generate a more potent nonlinear coherent structure than that observed among elements of uniform shape. The intense disturbance caused by the ramp predominantly contributed to the wall-normal and spanwise fluctuating waves of the coherent structure, rather than to the streamwise fluctuating waves. The interaction between adjacent roughness elements of diverse shapes, facilitated by an optimal reduction in spanwise spacing, promoted the evolution of the nonlinear structure at the central position. This structure could be approximated by several linear modes across the full frequency spectrum. When the spanwise spacing was well-chosen, roughness elements with different shapes might induce low-frequency resonance of nonlinear structures in a region near the downstream, substantially enhancing their evolutionary dynamics.关键词：direct numerical simulation;linear mode;coherent structure;roughness elements57|28|0更新时间：2025-07-30
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Study on the Liquid Retention Stability During On-Orbit Reorientation Process of Screen Channel Tank
摘要：To clarify the working characteristics and propellant management capabilities of screen channel tanks during actual flight, a three-dimensional simulation model of a specific screen channel tank is established based on the volume of fluid model and the continuous surface tension model. The reorientation process of the tank is simulated under different filling rates and disturbance conditions. The distribution patterns of gas-liquid phases and the changes in the center of mass of the propellant during the reorientation process is examined, comparing the flow management capabilities of the screen channel tank with those of a vane-type tank. The results indicate that, in the face of varying filling rates and disturbance conditions, the screen channel tank exhibits greater liquid retention stability than the vane-type tank, particularly under a low filling rate of 5%, where localized flow failure is less likely to occur. Under low filling conditions, the gas-liquid phase distribution during the reorientation process is primarily constrained by the surface tension of the screen channel structure. As the filling rate increases, the impact of external disturbances on the gas-liquid phase distribution during the reorientation process gradually intensifies, leading to an increase in the amplitude of center of mass oscillations. For initial conditions where the liquid phase is at the bottom, the screen channel tank responds most sensitively to reverse acceleration disturbances, while overcoming the effects of lateral acceleration disturbances is more challenging. This research provides a reference for the engineering application and design optimization of screen channel tanks in future aerospace missions.关键词：propellant management device;screen channel tank;disturbance condition;reorientation;liquid retention stability33|27|0更新时间：2025-07-30 - 摘要：To address the issues of insufficient output, increased flue gas temperature, and decreased efficiency caused by low pressure in boilers, this study focuses on a 10 t/h coal-fired chain grate boiler. A numerical method is employed to analyze the effects of pressure drop on temperature distribution within the furnace, coal burnout, and flue gas parameters at the furnace exit. Through a user-defined function, the motion of coal particles on the grate is simulated, and the three-dimensional physical model is improved to accurately reflect the actual grate structure. Considering the accumulation of ash on the surface of the carbon core during combustion, which hinders oxygen diffusion and affects the combustion rate, the coke combustion model is refined. Numerical results indicate that as pressure decreases, the combustion process of coal particles on the grate is delayed compared to normal pressure, resulting in a reduced coke burnout rate. The NOx emissions at the furnace exit initially increase and then decrease, with an increase of approximately 8.79% at 77.273 kPa compared to normal pressure. Under low pressure, the reduced blackness of the gas flame leads to decreased radiative heat transfer, causing an increase in the flue gas temperature at the furnace exit. However, when the pressure is too low, the increase in heat loss due to incomplete combustion slightly lowers the furnace exit flue gas temperature. The proposed correction formula for the M number provides a reference for predicting the flue gas temperature at the furnace exit using thermodynamic calculation methods under low pressure conditions.关键词：chain boiler;low atmospheric pressure;coal burning;thermodynamic calculation33|43|0更新时间：2025-07-30
- 摘要：To explore the enhancement mechanism of non-axisymmetric endwall design on both endwall sealing coolant and discrete-hole film cooling effectiveness, a full-endwall non-axisymmetric contouring method based on periodic non uniform rational B-spline surfaces is proposed, overcoming geometric constraints in traditional approaches for the upstream region of cascade leading edges. A numerical simulation model of turbine cascades incorporating endwall slots and discrete film cooling holes is established and validated against experimental data. Using endwall-averaged film cooling effectiveness as the objective function, a global optimization algorithm based on Kriging surrogate modeling is employed for endwall design optimization. Simulation results indicate that, compared to the original axisymmetric endwall, the average film cooling efficiency of the non-axisymmetric endwall increases by 9.36%, 10.68%, and 14.76% at three different blowing ratios, while the total pressure loss coefficient at the cascade exit remains largely unchanged. The non-axisymmetric endwall design not only alters the pressure distribution in the end region but also significantly reduces the static pressure near the blade leading edge and the lateral pressure gradient at the inlet position of the cascade channel. This allows the cooling jet to achieve a broader film coverage area near the blade leading edge and channel inlet, while also weakening the lateral secondary flow in the end region, thus suppressing its entrainment effect on the cooling jet and enhancing the film coverage on the endwall near the pressure side of the blade. This research provides theoretical foundations and technical references for cooling protection of modern turbine endwalls under high thermal-mechanical loads.关键词：non-axisymmetric endwall;design optimization;discrete film holes;film cooling;blowing ratio14|18|0更新时间：2025-07-30
- 摘要：To address the issues of low flexibility in existing compressed CO2 energy storage systems and significant throttling losses in gas storage devices, a ground-based constant-pressure CO2 storage device is proposed based on hydraulic principles. This device is coupled with a heat pump to construct a flexible compressed CO2 energy storage combined heat and power (CHP) system. By establishing thermodynamic models for key components and performance evaluation metrics for the system, the study investigates the impact of variations in key parameters under different operating modes on system performance. The results indicate that in the independent operating mode, the coefficient of performance of the heat pump subsystem initially increases and then decreases with rising ambient temperatures. The optimal inlet temperature for the turbine of the energy storage subsystem gradually increases with the compressor’s inlet temperature, especially accelerating in the near-critical region of CO2. The charging and discharging efficiency of the energy storage subsystem shows a trend of first decreasing and then increasing, with the minimum efficiency occurring near the starting point of the near-critical region. Compared to existing compressed gas energy storage CHP systems, the proposed system improves the optimal charging and discharging efficiency by 9.35%, and the coefficient of performance range is enhanced from 0.79－1.58 to 0.99－2.01. This study demonstrates that the proposed compressed CO2 energy storage CHP system is characterized by efficient and flexible energy supply, providing a theoretical basis for the efficient utilization of renewable energy and promoting low-carbon transitions in rural areas.关键词：compressed CO2 energy storage;CO2 heat pump;thermodynamic performance;combined heat and power30|29|0更新时间：2025-07-30
- 摘要：To investigate the influence of journal temperature distribution on thermally-induced synchronous vibration instability (Morton effect) in high-speed overhung rotor-bearing systems, this study establishes a three-dimensional transient thermal bending response model and proposes a novel instability threshold criterion. First, three-dimensional transient thermofluid dynamic calculations are performed for the sliding bearings, considering the cavitation effect and temperature-viscosity effect. A dynamic mesh model is used to simulate the journal whirl under different operating conditions, obtaining the circumferential and axial temperature distributions on the journal surface. Then, three-dimensional solid and one-dimensional beam element finite element models are employed to calculate the thermal deformation and dynamic characteristics of the rotor, respectively. Finally, the established model is validated using experimental test results. The study results indicate that compared to converging whirl and circulating whirl, the diverging whirl generates a greater circumferential temperature difference. At a speed of 10 000 r/min, the circumferential temperature difference reaches 25 K. The closer the circumferential temperature distribution curve of the journal surface is to a sine wave, and the longer the axial length of the high-temperature region on the journal, the greater the thermal imbalance of the rotor. The proposed instability threshold criterion can accurately determine the maximum working speed of the rotor-bearing system, improving it by 7.2% compared to traditional criteria that avoid 10% of the critical speed. This research provides theoretical guidance for the analytical design of high-speed cantilever rotor-bearing systems.关键词：Morton effect;rotor-bearing system;rotor thermal deformation;vibration instability25|29|0更新时间：2025-07-30
- 摘要：To address the unclear mixing mechanisms of multi-source coolant injections and secondary flows from and the extremely high thermal load in different components the corner region of gas turbine cascade leading edges, a numerical study is conducted on the flow mixing and interactive cooling characteristics of blade showerhead injection, endwall leading-edge film-hole injection, and upstream endwall slot injection in the leading-edge region. The results indicate that the blade showerhead coolant can provide secondary cooling to the hot ring region by reattaching to the endwall, while also influencing the endwall coolant distribution by altering the strength of secondary flow generation. When the endwall blowing ratio is low, the mixing between blade and endwall coolant is weak due to the blocking effect of the horseshoe vortex. The endwall coolant directly attaches to the outer edge of the horseshoe vortex near the hot ring, forming strip-like cooling protection, while the blade coolant provides secondary cooling to the suction-side corner region through reattachment. As the blade blowing ratio (Ms) increases, the suction-side horseshoe vortex and the entrained endwall coolant move closer to the blade, enhancing mixing with the showerhead injection. This raises the average cooling efficiency in the leading-edge region by 0.04. At Ms=1.0, the blade showerhead coolant achieves the most uniform axial distribution in the corner region. When the endwall blowing ratio is high, strong mixing between endwall and blade coolant provides improved film cooling protection in the corner region. However, the dominant mixing phenomenon in the corner region creates a large uncooled zone between the upstream slot and endwall film holes. As Ms increases, the coolant mixing in the suction-side corner region intensifies significantly, improving the average cooling efficiency by 0.08 in the endwall region where 0<z/Cax (axial coordinate to axial chord ratio) <0.1. The findings suggest that the secondary cooling effect of blade coolant should be considered in the design of endwall leading-edge cooling configurations, along with its influence on secondary flow generation and downstream development intensity.关键词：gas turbine;turbine cascade;film cooling;blade showerhead injection;secondary flow27|28|0更新时间：2025-07-30
- 摘要：To address the challenge in determining thermodynamic parameters of working mediums within the expansion chamber of triangular flash cycle systems, the heat transfer process between vapor and liquid phases during initial flash evaporation is investigated. An equivalent expansion test rig is established to simulate the flash evaporation process in a two-phase expander chamber using water as the working medium, with high-speed photography employed to observe vapor-liquid phase transitions. A heat transfer model at the vapor-liquid interface is developed based on dimensionless parameter normalization and validated against experimental data under identical operating conditions. The results demonstrate that during the establishment of dynamic equilibrium between evaporation and exhaust in the flash chamber, the initial chamber pressure exhibits a V-shaped variation pattern, comprising three distinct stages: rapid pressure drop, pressure recovery, and quasi-steady state; the proposed model achieves over 94% agreement with experimental measurements; increasing the initial liquid temperature enhances superheat degree and flash intensity: each 10 ℃ temperature rise leads to approximately 15% increase in maximum superheat and 20% to 30% improvement in flash rate; as the valve opening increases from 25% to 70%, the flow area for flash vapor expands, causing the average pressure drop rate to rise from 54.73 kPa/s to 122.47 kPa/s. This results in increased temperature gradients within the liquid, elevated local superheat, and a nonlinear enhancement of flash rate from 0.38 kg/s to 0.56 kg/s. This research provides valuable references for the design and operational optimization of two-phase expanders in triangular flash cycle systems.关键词：flash evaporation;start stage;equivalent expansion;triangular flash vaporization cycle44|9|0更新时间：2025-07-30
- 摘要：To reveal the variation law of reaction activity of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODE) components with different polymerization degrees and the underlying kinetic mechanisms, a reaction pathway framework applicable to a wide range of conditions is constructed to comparatively analyze the multi-component reaction kinetic behaviors of PODE. Based on the reaction mechanism of dimethoxymethane (PODE1), the reaction mechanisms of PODE2 and PODE3 are developed and validated. According to the role of each elementary reaction in reaction kinetics, a unified framework for PODE reaction pathways is proposed, elucidating three source channels of PODE reactivity: the typical chain-branching reaction via primary carbon dehydrogenation followed by two oxygen additions; the chain-branching reaction resulting from the decomposition of some hydroperoxy fuel radicals into carbonyl hydroperoxides; the chain-branching reaction triggered by secondary carbon dehydrogenation and decomposition into lower-polymerization-degree fuel radicals. Sensitivity analysis of the first-stage ignition delay time of PODE demonstrates that the constructed reaction kinetic mechanism of PODE2 and PODE3 can predict experimentally measured ignition delay times and explain the reaction kinetic behaviors of PODE. Channels 1 and 2 are common chain-branching reaction pathways for all PODE molecules, while channel 3 is unique to higher-polymerization-degree PODE and serves as an important contributor to reactivity.关键词：polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers;reaction kinetics;degree of polymerization;elementary reaction14|26|0更新时间：2025-07-30
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Study on the Aerodynamic Performance of Gas Turbine Exhaust Diffuser Coupled with Last Stage Turbine
摘要：To investigate the impact of the flow at the last stage outlet on the performance of the gas turbine exhaust diffuser and to obtain the aerodynamic performance of a complete system composed of the last stage turbine, exhaust diffuser, and collector, this paper establishes a high-fidelity analysis model for the aerodynamic performance of the gas turbine exhaust diffuser coupled with the last stage turbine. Using numerical methods to solve the three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations along with the SST k-ω turbulence model, this paper compares the flow field structure and static pressure recovery coefficient of the exhaust diffuser under different flow rates. The results indicate that as the inlet flow rate decreases, the total pressure loss due to flow separation within the exhaust diffuser increases, leading to a reduction in the static pressure recovery coefficient. Two main vortices exist within the collector; the vortices and backflow near the bend increase pressure loss and reduce the static pressure recovery coefficient. At the design flow rate, the static pressure recovery coefficient of the non-bend section of the exhaust diffuser is 0.645, while at 110% of the design flow rate, this coefficient increases by 10.2%. A lower design flow rate results in increased total pressure loss and reduced diffusing capability, with the static pressure recovery coefficient at 50% of the design flow rate being －0.059. When the design flow rate exceeds 70%, the leakage jet from the blade tip of the last stage turbine can suppress the separation flow in the diffuser casing and reduce total pressure loss. This paper provides a reference for studying the aerodynamic performance of gas turbine exhaust diffusers considering the effects of the flow at the last stage outlet.关键词：gas turbine;exhaust diffuser;last stage;aerodynamic performance;static pressure recovery coefficient13|15|0更新时间：2025-07-30 - 摘要：To enhance the real-time and accurate monitoring of liquid levels in steam generators during main steam pipe rupture accidents, thereby ensuring the safe operation of nuclear power systems, a dynamic liquid level prediction method is proposed. First, experiments simulating main steam pipe rupture conditions are conducted using a scaled model of the AP1000 steam generator. This involves the integration of electric ball valve control and high-speed camera image recognition to collect data on liquid levels and key thermal parameters. Next, a liquid level time series dataset is constructed, followed by wavelet decomposition and correlation analysis to examine the time-frequency characteristics of the liquid level itself and its relationship with thermal parameters. Finally, a deep learning liquid level prediction model based on Informer and DLinear is established to perform a comparative analysis of the prediction results. The results indicate that the DLinear model outperforms the Informer model in terms of prediction accuracy and model robustness, accurately reflecting the characteristics of severe liquid level fluctuations and demonstrating its suitability and advantages in handling long-term sequence dependency issues. The DLinear model improves the mean squared error, mean absolute error, and coefficient of determination by 24.9%, 16.0%, and 9.3%, respectively, compared to the Informer model. It achieves a prediction accuracy of 81.5% within a ±5 mm error range, capturing detailed changes in liquid levels while exhibiting stronger robustness and generalization ability. This study verifies the efficiency and engineering application potential of the DLinear model in liquid level prediction tasks, providing technical support for accident warnings and intelligent monitoring in nuclear power plants.关键词：deep learning;steam generator;level prediction;main steam line break accidents29|13|0更新时间：2025-07-30
- 摘要：To achieve efficient and clean utilization of semi-coke, an autothermal chemical looping gasification system for syngas production from semi-coke is proposed. Based on the principle of Gibbs free energy minimization and the laws of energy and mass conservation, a chemical looping gasification model with a processing capacity of 2 000 t·d-1 is established and validated with experimental data. The effects of key parameters, including gasifier temperature, air reactor temperature, and steam-to-carbon molar ratio, on system performance are investigated. The optimal autothermal operating conditions for the semi-coke chemical looping gasification system are determined and compared with conventional semi-coke gasification in terms of thermal efficiency. The results demonstrate that under a semi-coke feeding rate of 83.33 t·h－1, the optimal autothermal operating conditions are: steam flow rate of 108.99 t·h－1, gasifier temperature of 900 ℃, air reactor temperature of 1 000 ℃, air flow rate of 247.25 t·h－1, mass ratio of oxygen carrier (CaSO4/Fe2O3) to semi-coke feed of 1.92, and mass ratio of heat carrier (Al2O3) to oxygen carrier of 16.29. Under these conditions, the system achieves a syngas mass flow rate of 80.13 t·h－1 with a production yield of 1 700 cm3·kg－1. The overall thermal efficiency of the chemical looping gasification system reaches 83.81%, significantly higher than the 80.51% efficiency of conventional semi-coke gasification, primarily due to the elimination of the air separation unit for oxygen production. This demonstrates notable performance advantages and development potential. The findings provide important references for industrial applications of semi-coke chemical looping gasification.关键词：semi-coke;chemical looping gasification;autothermal operation;syngas24|17|0更新时间：2025-07-30
- 摘要：To address the technical challenge of interrupting fault currents in direct current (DC) power systems, a DC interruption scheme based on the magnetic control oscillation characteristics of air arcs is proposed. Applying an external transverse magnetic field to the air arc within a narrow gap enables the arc voltage to oscillate periodically, thereby creating a negative damping oscillating current between the arc and the inductor-capacitor (LC) branch. This facilitates fault current transfer, ultimately achieving current interruption. Experimental studies are conducted on the current transfer process at the resonant frequencies of four parallel LC branches, and the effect of the transfer branch capacitance on the peak transfer current is analyzed for main circuit currents ranging from 5 kA to 13 kA. The results indicate that increasing the resonant frequency of the LC branch at a 5 kA main circuit current can shorten the current transfer time to 0.84 ms. However, as the main circuit current increases, the resonant frequency of the LC branch needs to be adjusted to match the oscillation frequency of the arc to create a zero-crossing of the arc current. Increasing the capacitance of the transfer branch effectively enhances the initial peak transfer current, thereby boosting the current transfer capability. Additionally, the attenuation of the magnetic field during the current transfer process leads to a decreased rate of rise in arc voltage, affecting the continuity of the resonant current's negative damping oscillation. This study validates the feasibility of the air arc magnetic control oscillation-based DC interruption scheme, providing a new approach for the design of economical DC circuit breakers.关键词：direct current interruption;air arc;external transverse magnetic field;current commutation;magnetically controlled oscillation30|16|0更新时间：2025-07-30
- 摘要：To address the critical threat posed by arcing faults in transformer on-load tap changers to power transmission safety and stability, and the unclear mechanisms of how wire-explosion byproducts influence pressure characteristics in conventional transformer fire-explosion tests, this study proposes a comparative research methodology combining wire-explosion experiments with characteristic analysis. An oil-immersed wire-explosion experimental platform is established to investigate the typical development process, discharge characteristics, and pressure features. The findings demonstrate that: the wire-explosion discharge process exhibits four distinct phases-pre-explosion, explosion-to-voltage-peak, ionization, and breakdown; system stored energy significantly determines discharge modes and subsequent pressure characteristics, while wire dimensions directly correlate with energy loss during arc initiation, both critically affecting discharge channel conditions and energy deposition processes; these factors collectively govern initial shockwave pressure and propagation patterns. This research provides fundamental insights into oil-immersed wire electrical explosion processes and offers valuable references for optimizing transformer fire-explosion simulation test protocols.关键词：on-load tap changer;explosion test;arc fault;metal wire electrical explosion;pressure characteristics27|16|0更新时间：2025-07-30
- 摘要：To address the insufficient feature interaction between RGB and thermal modalities and the inadequate modeling of dynamic target variations in current RGB-thermal object tracking algorithms, a dual-modal tracking network based on attention and online template updates is proposed, incorporating a convolutional masked autoencoder model. Using the convolutional masked autoencoder as the backbone network, the model extracts RGB and thermal features through a dual-embedding layer with shared-weight backbone architecture, deeply exploring the intrinsic relationships between RGB and thermal data. To enhance the correlation between the template and search images, a channel-spatial self-attention mechanism is introduced to strengthen their interaction and extract discriminative heterogeneous complementary features across modalities. An online template update module is proposed, which dynamically updates the template and incorporates a template scoring head. By leveraging a confidence-based fusion mechanism, it balances the stability of the initial template and the adaptability of the online template, mitigating model drift caused by target variations over time. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm achieves precision and success rates of 93.3%/75.6% and 87.2%/63.8% on the GTOT and RGBT234 datasets, respectively, enabling accurate tracking under dynamic target conditions. Visualization analysis shows that the algorithm adaptively complements dual-modal heatmaps and maintains precise target localization even when one modality fails.关键词：visual object tracking;RGB-thermal;self-attention mechanism;online template update;convolutional masked autoencoder21|10|0更新时间：2025-07-30
- 摘要：To address the limitation of existing variational networks in feature extraction and fault sensitivity for wind turbine monitoring data, this paper proposes a conditional variational recurrent window network (CVRWN) aimed at modeling the normal operating state of wind turbines, and constructs a quantification method for ice accretion on blades based on such network. First, multiple groups of conditional variational autoencoders (CVAEs) enhanced with self-attention mechanisms are employed to learn from windowed monitoring data, enabling the extraction of latent distribution features and the reconstruction of wind power data for each time window. Next, gated recurrent units (GRUs) are used to facilitate cross-window feature transfer, and a predictive submodule is introduced to enhance long-term trend modeling capability, thereby constructing the complete CVRWN architecture. Subsequently, the constructed network is trained on turbine monitoring data under normal operating conditions, resulting in a stable CVRWN model obtained by jointly optimizing reconstruction and prediction losses. Finally, the reconstruction loss of wind power in the last window of the CVRWN model is defined as the ice accretion indicator r, which enables accurate quantification of the icing levels. Validation with actual operational data demonstrates that the CVRWN model improves wind power reconstruction accuracy by approximately 10% compared to the basic CVAE model, verifying the rationality and effectiveness of the proposed structural enhancements. During the ice accretion process, the proposed model's ice accretion indicator r can accurately and dynamically represent the evolution of blade icing compared to baseline models, providing a quantitative reference for the safe operation and maintenance of wind turbines in extreme environments.关键词：wind turbine;blade icing;variational network;normal behavior modeling;quantification method;reconstruction loss33|67|0更新时间：2025-07-30
- 摘要：To address the significant limitations of existing infrared image colorization methods in global feature capture and computational complexity, an efficient infrared image colorization method based on dual-branch feature interaction fusion is proposed. A dual-branch encoder is designed, where the local feature extraction branch captures local spatial context information to ensure fine-grained feature acquisition, while the global feature extraction branch obtains global features to meet long-range dependency requirements. An interaction fusion module is developed to effectively integrate features extracted from both branches, significantly enhancing the model's overall performance. In the decoder part, a context aggregation module is proposed to further optimize multi-scale semantic feature aggregation, improving edge clarity and detail representation in the colorization results. Extensive experimental validation on the KAIST and FLIR datasets demonstrates that compared to existing methods, the proposed approach achieves superior colorization quality on both datasets, with peak signal-to-noise ratios reaching 28.645 dB and 30.459 dB, and structural similarity scores of 0.507 and 0.725, respectively, outperforming all comparative methods. The effectiveness and advancement of the method are thus verified. The research findings provide valuable references for enhancing the readability and interpretability of infrared images, as well as improving observation capabilities in night vision and harsh environments.关键词：infrared image colorization;fine-grained feature;long-range dependency;interactive fusion;context aggregation21|20|0更新时间：2025-07-30
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Stir Friction Brazing and Interlayer Optimization for AZ31B Magnesium Alloy and 316L Stainless Steel
摘要：To address the poor corrosion and wear resistance of magnesium alloys, as well as the challenges of effectively joining magnesium and steel using traditional welding methods, the use of stir friction brazing technology is proposed to connect AZ31B magnesium alloy and 316L stainless steel. First, different thicknesses of Zn and Ni foils are used to fabricate magnesium/steel lap joints using the stir friction brazing process. The feasibility of these joints is then examined from the perspectives of wettability, microstructure, and mechanical properties. Finally, the interfacial reaction characteristics and mechanisms of different brazing materials are elucidated. Experimental results indicate that Zn foil exhibits good wettability on the magnesium alloy side but almost none on the stainless-steel surface. When the Zn foil melts, it forms a eutectoid structure α-Mg+MgZn at the joint, with a maximum shear strength of 27.38 MPa, resulting in brittle fracture. Conversely, Ni foil demonstrates good wettability on both base materials, leading to the formation of a hypoeutectic structure α-MgⅠ+[Mg(Ni) orα-MgⅡ+Mg2(Ni,Al)] and eutectic structure α-Mg+Mg2(Ni,Al) or Mg2Ni at the joint. The shear strength of the joint initially increases and then decreases with increasing brazing material thickness, reaching 58.24 MPa at a thickness of 0.03 mm, exhibiting a combination of brittle and ductile fracture. The proposed stir friction brazing process can achieve high density, good wettability, wide single-pass welds, and high strength in magnesium alloy/stainless steel lap joints through interlayer optimization.关键词：magnesium/steel;friction stir brazing;interlayer;microstructure;shear strength27|22|0更新时间：2025-07-30
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