最新刊期

    51 1 2017
    • Vol. 51, Issue 1, Pages: 1-8+50(2017) DOI: 10.7652/xjtuxb201701001
      摘要:Based on the MB contact fractal theory and the mechanism of energy dissipation of tangential contact damping in joint interfaces as well as the definition of damping energy dissipation factor, the fractal model of equivalent viscous damping for tangential contact in joint interfaces and its energy dissipation factor model are proposed. It is shown from the models that there exist complex nonlinear relationships between the equivalent viscous damping of tangential contact in joint interfaces and such factors as the normal contact load, the friction coefficient, the plastic index of contact materials, the ratio of the tangential dynamic load amplitude to normal contact load(named tangential-normal load ratio for short), the fractal dimension, and the fractal roughness of joint interfaces. However, the energy dissipation factor of tangential contact damping is independent of the fractal dimension and fractal roughness, but only depends on the tangential-normal load ratio. Numerical simulations of the models show that the energy dissipation factor increases with the tangential-normal load ratio, but decreases with the friction coefficient of joint interfaces. The tangential contact equivalent viscous damping of joint interfaces increases with the normal contact load, the friction coefficient, and the plastic index of contact materials, but decreases with the fractal roughness. The variation rule of equivalent viscous damping with the fractal dimension is very complex: firstly it increases with the fractal dimension, and approaches a max value when the fractal dimension is equal to 1.65 or so, then decreases with the fractal dimension.   
      关键词:mechanical structure;joint interface;tangential contact damping;energy dissipation factor;fractal model   
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    • Vol. 51, Issue 1, Pages: 9-12+37(2017) DOI: 10.7652/xjtuxb201701002
      摘要:To obtain all close-form solutions of the inverse displacement problem of a 6R serial robot, a novel method based on conformal geometric algebra(CGA)is presented. The positions of joint points are obtained by the inner product and outer product of the basic geometric entities in CGA. Then all joint rotating angles are computed by the inner product between line and line or plane and plane, and all closed-form solutions are obtained. The presented algorithm is simple and avoids the computations of rational angles, matrices, and complex nonlinear equations. The computation process and results can interpret geometrically the relationship between the geometric structure and the motion of the robot. Finally, a numerical example is solved by the algorithm and the results show that the algorithm is valid and the computational efficiency is improved by nearly 44 times.   
      关键词:conformal geometric algebra;serial robot;inverse displacement solution   
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    • Vol. 51, Issue 1, Pages: 13-18(2017) DOI: 10.7652/xjtuxb201701003
      摘要:To further improve the thermal characteristics of motorized spindle for high-speed precision machine tools, a novel shaft core cooling structure is proposed. This structure consists of several U-shaped cooling units arranged evenly in the shaft core, and the coolant can efficiently transfer heat of the shaft and bearings. The effects of this cooling structure on the thermal characteristics of motorized spindle are obtained based on the analysis model of motorized spindle thermo-structural coupling characteristics. The results show that the cooling structure can effectively control the temperature rise of the system. Compared with motorized spindle without shaft core cooling structure, the total thermal deformation is decreased by 50.2%, and the thermal balancing time is shortened by 50%, which enhances machining accuracy and efficiency. By regulating the parameters of coolant, the variation of axial thermal deformation can be limited to 2 μm at different rotation speeds.   
      关键词:high-speed precision machine tool;motorized spindle;shaft core cooling;machining accuracy   
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    • Vol. 51, Issue 1, Pages: 19-24(2017) DOI: 10.7652/xjtuxb201701004
      摘要:The simple vortex, composite vortex, simple impingement and composite impingement cooling models are established to investigate the flow and heat transfer behavior difference between vortex cooling and impingement cooling. The numerical method is carried out with the same geometrical chamber of turbine blade leading edge and under the same aerodynamic conditions to obtain the streamline structure, pressure and heat transfer intensity distributions for different models. The results show that vortex cooling obviously differs from impingement cooling in flow pattern. Vortex cooling air jets circumferentially through jet nozzles into the chamber and generates rotational flow. Hence high pressure region appears near the wall and low pressure region appears near the chamber centerline. Impingement cooling air injects through impingement holes into the chamber and impacts on the target to lead a pressure peak region near the impact point. Vortex cooling also significantly differs from impingement cooling in heat transfer. Vortex cooling air intensely scours the chamber wall, and reduces the thermal boundary layer to form a banding high heat transfer region. Impingement cooling air intensely impacts the target, destroys the thermal boundary layer to form a circular high heat transfer region. Vortex cooling makes heat transfer more uniform and resistivity stronger to restrain cross flow. For vortex cooling, bleed holes can disturb air vortex flow intensely and expand the banding high heat transfer region, leading to 4.5% heat transfer enhancement. For impingement cooling, bleed holes exert a slight effect on flow field and heat transfer intensity.   
      关键词:vortex cooling;impingement cooling;bleed hole;flow and heat transfer   
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    • Vol. 51, Issue 1, Pages: 25-30(2017) DOI: 10.7652/xjtuxb201701005
      摘要:Aiming at high accuracy and high resolution computation for large eddy simulation of compressible turbulence, a qusi-6th order central-WENO(weighted essentially non-oscillatory)hybrid scheme with adaptively controlled numerical dissipation is developed by introducing a local pressure gradient sensor and the upper and lower bounds of the weighting function. The mathematical characteristics of the developed hybrid scheme are theoretically analyzed with Fourier method. The 1D shock/density wave interaction problem and the 3D large eddy simulation of compressible isotropic turbulence are numerically analyzed to verify the validity and effectiveness of the scheme. The results show that the quasi-6th order central-WENO hybrid scheme has lower numerical dissipative error than the 5th order WENO scheme and can hold the high resolution for both the discontinuities and physical fluctuations in the flow fields. The decay curves of the turbulent statistics obtained by large eddy simulation with the central-WENO hybrid scheme coincide well with the available direct numerical simulation, and the -5/3 power law of the theoretical energy spectrum is successfully captured. The specific bounds of the weighting function applicable to the large eddy simulation of compressible flow are calibrated. This work lays a solid algorithm foundation for high accuracy large eddy simulation of compressible turbulence in fluid machinery.   
      关键词:large eddy simulation;compressible flow;isotropic turbulence;WENO;hybrid scheme   
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    • Vol. 51, Issue 1, Pages: 31-37(2017) DOI: 10.7652/xjtuxb201701006
      摘要:To improve the combustion speed, ignition delay and flame stabilization of the nature gas under lean combustion conditions, an experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of low-frequency alternating electric fields on the flame shape, propagation speed, combustion pressure and other characteristic parameters of premixed methane/air mixtures in a constant volume combustion bomb at room temperature and under high initial pressure of 3 local atmospheric pressure. The results show that the flame is stretched in the horizontal, and the average flame propagation speed increases when low-frequency alternating electric field of 10-100 Hz is applied to the electrodes. With the decreasing frequency the flame stretch deformation degree and flame propagation speed increase firstly then decrease and reach the maximum near 15 Hz. The peak combustion pressure increases, and the peak pressure arrival time, the initial combustion period and the main combustion period are shortened under alternating electric fields. As the frequency decreases, the changes of peak combustion pressure and flame propagation speed tend identically, but the change of peak combustion pressure arrival time tends oppositely, however both the peak combustion pressure and the peak arrival time get their maximum values near of 15 Hz, and increase by 19.90% and -42.23% respectively compared with the case without electric field.   
      关键词:low-frequency alternating electric field;lean combustion;constant volume combustion bomb;flame propagation characteristics;combustion pressure   
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    • Direct Numerical Simulation of Two-Dimensional Time-Developing Mixing Layer

      Vol. 51, Issue 1, Pages: 38-44(2017) DOI: 10.7652/xjtuxb201701007
      摘要:To investigate the influence of initial disturbance of different wavelengths on flow and noise of two-dimensional time-developing mixing layer, a direct numerical simulation method is suggested. By multiple-scale expansion technique, the conservative continuity, momentum and energy equations are accurately recovered from Boltzmann equation of coupled double distribution functions. The characteristic boundary condition is combined with Boltzmann equation to satisfy the non-reflecting condition. High-order temporal and spatial discretization approaches are employed to solve Boltzmann equation to analyze five different mixing layers. The results show that high frequency disturbances mainly control the pairing and winding of vortices, while low frequency disturbances mainly control the rotating and migration of vortices. The evolution of vortex pairing is similar to a rotating quadrupole source. The disturbance energy radiates as plane waves to the far field at sonic speed.   
      关键词:direct numerical simulation;time-developing mixing layer;non-reflecting boundary condition   
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    • Vol. 51, Issue 1, Pages: 45-50(2017) DOI: 10.7652/xjtuxb201701008
      摘要:To improve the matching of numerical accuracy between time and space for Burgers equation, a time-space coupled spectral element method is proposed to solve one-dimensional Burgers equation. The equation is discretized with the spectral element method in both time and space directions, and detailed derivation is displayed. Additionally, the numerical accuracy and the matching characteristic of time and space of the proposed method are compared with those of three other schemes in which spectral element discretization is adopted in space direction while the backward Euler method, the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method and the fourth-order Adams-Bashforth method are employed, respectively, in time direction. The influences of the numbers of elements and interpolation nodes on the numerical accuracy in time direction are investigated. It is verified that: 1)higher accuracy can be obtained with the proposed time-space coupled spectral element method compared with conventional temporal difference schemes in time direction; the numerical accuracy is continuously promoted with the increasing interpolation order, and the exponential convergence rate is still maintained, which shows a better characteristic of matching between time and space; and 3)increasing the elements or interpolation nodes in time direction with fixed space meshing has slight effect on improvement of the numerical accuracy, which coincides with the related research in literature.   
      关键词:time-space coupling;numerical accuracy;spectral element method;Burgers equation   
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    • Vol. 51, Issue 1, Pages: 51-58(2017) DOI: 10.7652/xjtuxb201701009
      摘要:Focusing on vibration isolation for micro manufacturing platform, a dynamic model is established based on Udwadia-Kalaba equations, which can be solved without introducing Lagrange multiplier or other additional parameters. The discrete model of micro-vibration isolation vibration platform is constructed by treating the vibration displacement as a system restraint, and the multi-body dynamics analysis and simulation of micro-vibration platform are carried out following the mixing mechanism of the active and passive vibration isolation. To satisfy the system constraints, the driving conditions for Udwadia-Kalaba equations are introduced. The dynamic model of the vibration isolation platform can be solved under the constraint conditions and numerically simulated by Matlab. The constraint torques of 8 DOFs are thus achieved and the needed vertical forces for actuators can be obtained. The proposed discrete model of the micro-vibration is effective as the noises on four mass points are same.   
      关键词:Udwadia-Kalaba equation;system constraints;micro-vibration;vibration platform   
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    • Vol. 51, Issue 1, Pages: 59-64+78(2017) DOI: 10.7652/xjtuxb201701010
      摘要:Fuel spray atomization is significantly influenced by nozzle cavitation. Two simulation models are established to analyze nozzle cavitation by ANSYS_Fluent 15.0. The two models based on the homogeneous equilibrium scheme and Eulerian-Eulerian scheme employ the realizable k-ε model for turbulence computation and Schnerr and Sauer model for cavitation computation. The slip velocity between different phases is ignored in the model from the homogeneous equilibrium scheme and taken into account in the Eulerian-Eulerian scheme. Simulation results are compared with the experimental ones, and it is found that there are obvious differences between the simulations of the two models with the same boundary conditions, and the model considering slip velocity gives more accurate results, where both the specific cavitation length and the changing trend of the cavitation length are obtained. The model ignoring slip velocity only gives accurate changing trend of the cavitation length. The small scale cavitation cloud separated from the whole cavitation sheet cannot be simulated by the two models. The simulations indicate that the assumption that under very strong turbulence the fluid carrier influences the vapor phase via drag but the vapor phase has no influence on the fluid carrier does not hold true in all flow states.   
      关键词:injector;cavitation;numerical simulation;slip velocity   
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    • Vol. 51, Issue 1, Pages: 65-71(2017) DOI: 10.7652/xjtuxb201701011
      摘要:To improve the denitration effect and the thermodynamic performance of generator unit under low loads, a new feed water heating system coupled with steam ejector is required. A 660 MW coal-burning supercritical unit is taken as the research object. A boiler/steam turbine coupled model is established based on the simulation platform of GSE. On the basis of this model, the steam ejector and the new No.0 high-pressure heater are embedded in by a self-programming model. The platen super-heater outlet steam is the primary steam and the steam from No.1 steam extraction is the induced steam, then the mixture steam flows into the No.0 high-pressure heater to heat the water. The effects of entrainment ratio on the denitration efficiency, the thermal efficiency and the performance under variable working conditions are investigated. Results show that when the design load of the steam ejector is 50% load condition, the optimal design entrainment ratio is 0.56 and the temperature of feed water rises by 30 ℃; the standard coal consumption rate is decreased by 0.52 g•(kW•h)-1 and the denitration efficiency is increased by 13.29%. Considering the running stability of the ejector and the thermal efficiency of the unit, the optimized system is suggested to operate in the range of 45%-90% load to obtain the best energy-saving and emission reduction effect and thermodynamic performance.   
      关键词:steam ejector;low-load feed water heating system;design entrainment ratio;variable working condition   
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    • Vol. 51, Issue 1, Pages: 72-78(2017) DOI: 10.7652/xjtuxb201701012
      摘要:The numerical simulation on the premixed CH4/H2 gas at an equivalence ratio of 0.7 was conducted to investigate the combustion characteristics and stabilization mechanism of low swirl CH4/H2 flame in various hydrogen volume proportions. The analyses on the self-similar characteristics, the flow field structure and the flame characteristics of CH4/H2 flame were performed, and the effect of swirl number on the flashback of hydrogen-enriched fuel was studied. The results showed that with the increase of H2 volume proportion, the self-similar characteristics of CH4/H2 flame still remain; the intensity of the shear layer increases gradually and the inner shear layer moves gradually to the central low-velocity zone, which compels the flame front towards the nozzle, and the shape of the flame changes from the “bowl” type to “W” type, and then converts to “V” type finally. The mean axial and radial aerodynamic stretch rates and the virtual origin are almost not affected by the hydrogen volume proportion. When the hydrogen volume proportion increases from 80% to 95%, the laminar flame speed of the fuel changes greatly, leading to drastic changes in the flow field structure and the flame front. As for the CH4/H2 flame in the central low-velocity zone, when the flame propagation velocity is equal to the local gas velocity, the flame is stable; as for the CH4/H2 flame in the shear layer, the vortex produced by the velocity gradient facilitates the local gas flowing downward and moving toward the central low-velocity zone, thus the flame moves upward and reaches a stable state. Decreasing the swirl number properly is beneficial to the reduction of the flashback of hydrogen-enriched fuel.   
      关键词:low swirl combustion;flame characteristics;stabilization mechanism;swirl number   
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    • A Sub-Grid Interface Locating Algorithm for Free Surface Two-Phase Flows

      Vol. 51, Issue 1, Pages: 79-87(2017) DOI: 10.7652/xjtuxb201701013
      摘要:In ghost fluid method, for treating surface tension under the framework of volume of fluid(VOF), the exact location of fluid interface cannot be easily determined. In order to resolve such a problem, a new sub-grid interface locating algorithm is proposed in this work. In the new algorithm, a variable curvature curve, used to approximate the interface in sub-grid, is constructed based on the curvature of the two grid cells on both sides of the interface. As a result, the intersection point of the connection line of centers of interfacial cells and the interface is calculated accurately. The influence of the curvature on the interface location is taken into account. Moreover, this algorithm is independent on mesh type and space dimension. Numerical tests, including capillary rise, static droplet, bubble rise in two-dimensions and three-dimensions, show that interface curvature has a significant influence on the sub-grid interface location. Calculating the sub-grid interface location and the curvature at such a location with high accuracy can improve the numerical prediction of VOF method significantly, and by 3.5 times at the best. This method can provide a new tool for predicting physical behaviors of high surface tension driven flow in complex geometrical structures.   
      关键词:free surface flow;numerical simulation;surface tension;volume of fluid   
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    • Vol. 51, Issue 1, Pages: 88-96(2017) DOI: 10.7652/xjtuxb201701014
      摘要:To reveal the relationship between the special structures of birds' wings and their aerodynamic performances and hence provide useful information and support based on bionics theory for the design and development of high efficiency and low noise bionic airfoils, four kinds of birds(red billed Leiothrix, black tailed Grosbeak, starling, pigeon)as research objects were scanned using 3D laser scanner to reconstruct bionic wing models. Three-dimensional bionic airfoils from various sections of the birds' wings were obtained. Numerical simulation was conducted to investigate the aerodynamic performances and corresponding noise characteristics of the bionic wings. Firstly, through comparing the aerodynamic performances of the wings at varied attach angles and different Reynolds numbers, it was found that the performance curves of the four bionic wings change consistently, and are influenced by the Reynolds number in the similar way. When Reynolds number increases beyond 100 000, the performances of the bionic wings show little difference with the change of Reynolds number. The starling bionic wing performs better but only suitable for the case where the attack angle has little change. By contrast, the wing of red billed Leiothrix performs worse while its performance is not dependent on the angle of attack. Besides, the wings of good-at-flying birds can be divided into two parts: the root part of the wing is overall bending with asymmetrical airfoil; the top part is generally straight with symmetrical airfoil. The noise characteristics in certain cases were revealed according to the results of noise simulation. Also, the wake and flying speed can influence the distribution of noise.   
      关键词:bionics;airfoil;lift-to-drag ratio;aerodynamic noise;numerical simulation   
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    • Adaptive Control of Hydraulic Systems with State Constraints

      Vol. 51, Issue 1, Pages: 97-102+108(2017) DOI: 10.7652/xjtuxb201701015
      摘要:An adaptive controller with state constraints is proposed for hydraulic systems, where a finite time disturbance observer and an adaptive controller are designed following barrier Lyapunov function. The finite time disturbance observer ensures disturbance estimation accuracy, and the adaptive controller handles parametric uncertainties. Barrier Lyapunov function is employed for state constraints to stabilize the closed loop system. Theoretically, the controller guarantees asymptotic tracking performance. Experimental results show that the algorithm can constrain the output velocity and acceleration, the maximum static tracking error is 0.06 mm when the amplitude of the desired tracking trajectory is 10 mm, and the maximum relative tracking error reaches 0.6%, thus the system tracking accuracy is obviously improved.  
      关键词:hydraulic system;adaptive control;barrier Lyapunov function;disturbance observer   
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    • Surface Topography Measurement of Magnetic Fluid in Revolving Containers

      Vol. 51, Issue 1, Pages: 103-108(2017) DOI: 10.7652/xjtuxb201701016
      摘要:Aiming at the measurement of surface topography of magnetic fluid contained in revolving containers, a multi-step measurement method based on the synchronous chopper modulated linear laser projection was proposed. According to the principle of linear laser projection measurement, synchronous revolving window chopper modulated laser is introduced to obtain the steady projection light curve on the surface of magnetic fluid. In the meantime, taking the advantages of multi-revolving averaging and lightness enhancing effect of long exposure time, the projection light curve pictures with high brightness and contrast were obtained. A high transparency acrylic plate was adopted to guarantee good sealing performance and light transmission quality in the experiments. The height formula of magnetic fluid surface was deduced, in which the influence of refractive index of the acrylic plate on the measurement results was taken into account. Experiments were carried out under different revolving speeds and magnetic field intensities to verify the accuracy of the proposed method. The method can measure the surface topography of magnetic fluid in revolving containers, and truly reflect the motion state of the magnetic fluid under magnetic and centrifugal forces.   
      关键词:magnetic fluid;surface topography;laser projection measurement method   
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    • Vol. 51, Issue 1, Pages: 109-114+134(2017) DOI: 10.7652/xjtuxb201701017
      摘要:To predict the flutter boundary of airplane wings, an energy method based on one-way fluid structure coupling is proposed. To consider the effect of wing vibration, the flow mesh is updated using a fast dynamic mesh technology proposed by our research group. Then the pressure is computed by solving the Reynolds averaged Navier Stokes equations in the arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian coordinates through the SIMPLE algorithm using the updated flow mesh. The aerodynamic force applied on the wing is calculated using the pressure on the wing surface and then the aerodynamic work is obtained. The aerodynamic damping is assumed to be equivalent viscous damping. Thus the aerodynamic damping can be computed using the calculation formula of equivalent viscous damping, and the flutter boundary is predicted using the aerodynamic damping. The aerodynamic damping of the wing 445.6 is computed and the dimensionless flutter velocity of the wing 445.6 can be predicted using the proposed energy method. The relative deviation between the dimensionless flutter velocity and the experimental data is about 1.5%. It is found that the aerodynamic damping increases with the order of mode in transonic flows. The distribution of the aerodynamic work on the wing surface shows that the positive aerodynamic work is mainly caused by the shock wave in the transonic flows. Thus it can be concluded that the transonic flutter of the wing 445.6 is mainly induced by the shock wave.   
      关键词:wing flutter;fast dynamic mesh technology;fluid structure interaction;energy method;aerodynamic damping   
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    • Brain-Controlled Prosthesis Manipulation Based on Scene Graph-SSVEP

      Vol. 51, Issue 1, Pages: 115-121(2017) DOI: 10.7652/xjtuxb201701018
      摘要:To solve the problems of low recognition rate and stability of traditional steady-state visual evoked potential(SSVEP)methods, a new scene-graph SSVEP approach was proposed. The new scene-graph SSVEP paradigm uses life scenes of normal or disabled persons as the stimulus source. According to the target of prosthesis control, the life scenes are decomposed into corresponding stimulation scene graphs through standardization process of gray scales. After that, a set of contrasting black-and-white reversal scene graphs are obtained for visual stimulation. The new scene-graph SSVEP is evoked by a square pulse modulation with different frequencies and different scene images. Furthermore, the mathematic model of the scene-graph SSVEP nerve conduction is simulated. For recognizing various EEG signals from different scene graph stimulations, canonical correlation analysis(CCA)is used to turn EEG features into control commands. Finally, a brain-controlled prosthesis manipulation platform was built and the new strategy was verified by experiments. Results show that the information transfer rate is approximately 15.34 bit/min, the average accuracy is 91.4% and the highest accuracy is up to 98.44%. It is demonstrated that this method combining normal life scene graphs with traditional SSVEP methods can improved the average recognition accuracy and information transfer rate of prosthesis, and reduce user's visual fatigue.   
      关键词:brain-controlled prosthesis;scene graph;visual evoking   
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    • Novel Protection of the Power Collecting Lines in PMSG Wind Farms

      Vol. 51, Issue 1, Pages: 122-127(2017) DOI: 10.7652/xjtuxb201701019
      摘要:To enhance performance of traditional three-section overcurrent protection used in power collecting lines, a novel inverse-time overcurrent protection is proposed via analyzing the topology and faults characteristics of power collecting lines as well as the fuse protection features and PMSG's LVRT characteristics. Taking PMSG farm as the research object, traditional overcurrent protection is no longer applicable because it often causes small protection range, override trip and turbine tripping. The inverse-time overcurrent protection curve can be obtained according to the maximum current difference between power collecting lines and fuses. Finally the effectiveness of the novel protection is verified by simulations in EMTP-PSCAD environment. Results show that for power collecting lines, the novel protection approach overcomes the shortcomings of traditional methods and achieves better selectivity and speediness. In addition, it is insensitive to transient impedance, thus could be applied to engineering.   
      关键词:PMSG wind farm;power collecting line;three-section overcurrent protection;fuse;inverse-time overcurrent protection   
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    • Adaptive Output Feedback Optimal Tracking Control for Nonlinear Systems

      Vol. 51, Issue 1, Pages: 128-134(2017) DOI: 10.7652/xjtuxb201701020
      摘要:Aiming at the nonlinear systems where only the output signals can be measured and their unpredictable states are associated with unknown nonlinear functions and affected by external disturbances, this paper proposes an adaptive neural network dynamic surface control method to solve the problem of output feedback tracking of nonlinear systems. First, the state observer based on RBF neural network is built to ensure the observation error can be gradually converged to zero; second, the adaptive output feedback control rule is designed by using dynamic surface technology; finally, using the steepest descent method and selecting the optimal control parameters, the control input and tracking performance are optimized, and hence the workload of control parameter setting is reduced. This method can ensure the semi-global uniform boundedness of all closed-loop signals, and guarantee system output with specified tracking performance through introducing the performance function and tracking error transformation, thus the transition quality of the control system is improved. Simulation results show that the designed state observer can realize accurate estimation of the system signals, the tracking error signal amplitude is controlled less than 0.02, and the input signal amplitude with optimized control parameters is decreased, verifying the effectiveness of the proposed control method.   
      关键词:dynamic surface control;backstepping control;neural network;performance function;error transformation   
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    • Vol. 51, Issue 1, Pages: 135-140(2017) DOI: 10.7652/xjtuxb201701021
      摘要:To extract text information effectively from natural scene image with complex background, multi-orientation perspective and multilingual languages, a scenario text extraction method based on maximum stable extremal region(MSER)and stroke width transform(SWT)is presented. The method combines the merits of MSER and SWT algorithms. It establishes text candidate regions by utilizing MSER algorithm to detect text regions, and SWT algorithm is used to calculate the text stroke width of candidate region to get its stroke width. According to the stroke width graph, the stroke-connected graph is established by using connected component labeling. Then the heuristic rules of stroke-connected graph are established to remove non-text candidate regions according to the stroke-connected graph. By using the geometrical feature analysis and the local adaptive window Otsu segmentation, the text in natural scene images can be extracted effectively. The text extraction accuracy, recall rate and comprehensive performance of this method are 0.74, 0.64 and 0.68, respectively. Simulation experiment shows that the method can achieve good robustness for complex background with multi-orientation perspective, various characters and font sizes, and it is suitable for variety of languages and fonts.   
      关键词:natural scene image;text extraction;maximum stable extremal region;stroke width transform   
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    • Vol. 51, Issue 1, Pages: 141-146(2017) DOI: 10.7652/xjtuxb201701022
      摘要:To guide the electrode implantation in the deep-brain stimulation(DBS)animal experiments and the selection of stimulation parameters after implantation, the mechanical properties of interaction between electrode and brain tissues in the process of implantation as well as the electrical properties under current stimulation after implantation were explored by finite element modeling and simulation. Using the finite element modeling software Comsol Multiphysics, the electrode was modeled based on micro cantilever beam structure, and the brain tissue was simplified as isotropic cylinder for ease of analyzing and solving the problem. Then the meshes were generated according to the material properties of electrode and brain tissue, the simulation requirements and the size of model. Finally, the simulation results were obtained by the solver. The mechanical simulation showed that the electrode reached its ultimate strength when the load applied on its tip was 0.14 N, and the dura was punctured when its displacement deformation reached 0.8 mm and the thrust value arrived 0.06 N in the process of implantation. The electrical simulation showed that under double-sided bipolar stimulation, the stimulus range in the three-dimensional directions increased at the same ratio when the stimulus current was raised. Comparing different stimulation patterns, the current streamline curvature and convergence degrees of single-sided stimulus are larger than that of double-sided stimulus, leading to a decrease in the stimulus range. This impact on the stimulus effect was greater than changing the distance between stimulus contact and reference contact. These results were justified effective and reliable by animal experiments.   
      关键词:microelectrode array chip;finite element simulation;mechanical properties;electrical properties   
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    • Vol. 51, Issue 1, Pages: 147-152(2017) DOI: 10.7652/xjtuxb201701023
      摘要:Aiming at the existing methods for managing power of the environmentally embedded systems represented by wireless sensor network, which cannot simultaneously ensure the system performance and stability, this paper proposes a multi-time-segment dynamic power management method. This method could determine the operational mode of the systems in real time by considering the energy available in the current and the future N time-segments and the effect of energy prediction error, resulting in maximized system performance within the energy constraint. Experiment simulates a solar energy powered environmentally embedded system working under different weathers, and the results demonstrate that the system using the proposed method can make its energy utilization reach 99.79%, and work continuously under diverse weathers. Hence the proposed method achieves simultaneous optimization of the system's performance and stability.   
      关键词:wireless sensor network;environmentally embedded system;dynamic power management;optimization   
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