Research Progress on Structure-Activity Relationship and Regulation Strategy of Efficient Catalysts for the Electrooxidation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural

SHEN Yi; JIA Zhilin; HE Hongyu; YU Zisheng; SHEN Shaohua

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202606002

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Research Progress on Structure-Activity Relationship and Regulation Strategy of Efficient Catalysts for the Electrooxidation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural

Special Topic Electrochemical Materials | 更新时间：2026-06-12

- Research Progress on Structure-Activity Relationship and Regulation Strategy of Efficient Catalysts for the Electrooxidation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural
- Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University Vol. 60, Issue 6, Pages: 19-38(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学绿色氢电全国重点实验室，710049，西安
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202606002
  CLC： TQ35
- Received：03 October 2025，
  
  Published：10 June 2026
- 稿件说明：
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SHEN Yi, JIA Zhilin, HE Hongyu, et al. Research Progress on Structure-Activity Relationship and Regulation Strategy of Efficient Catalysts for the Electrooxidation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(6): 19-38.
DOI：

SHEN Yi, JIA Zhilin, HE Hongyu, et al. Research Progress on Structure-Activity Relationship and Regulation Strategy of Efficient Catalysts for the Electrooxidation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(6): 19-38. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202606002.

摘要

电催化氧化生物质衍生的5-羟甲基糠醛（HMF）制备2，5-呋喃二甲酸（FDCA），不仅本身具有绿色、经济性优势，还能在电解水过程中替代动力学缓慢的析氧反应与析氢反应耦合，从而降低整体能耗并获得高附加值产品。开发高性能电催化剂是实现电催化氧化HMF高效转化生产FDCA的核心关键。综述了电氧化HMF（HMFOR）制备FDCA催化剂的最新研究进展，特别关注催化剂的构效关系以及优化策略。首先，详细阐述了HMFOR的反应路径及两种电化学氧化机理。其次，系统梳理了贵金属基及过渡金属基电催化剂的研究进展，重点剖析了不同金属元素在HMFOR过程中的促进机制，并阐明了其构效关系。再次，深入分析了电催化剂性能的优化策略，包括调控表面重构、平衡表面吸附、构建协同催化以及加速质子转移。最后，从动态机理、反应稳定性、器件集成及系统耦合等方面总结并展望了高效HMFOR催化剂开发面临的主要挑战和未来发展方向。该综述旨在为设计和开发高效电催化剂、深化反应机理以及推动生物质资源的高值转化应用提供理论指导和有益启示。

Abstract

Electrocatalytic oxidation of biomass-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural（HMF）to 2，5-furandicarboxylic acid（FDCA）is not only a green and economically attractive route，but can also substitute the kinetically sluggish oxygen evolution reaction to couple with the hydrogen evolution reaction during water electrolysis，thereby reducing overall energy consumption while yielding value-added chemicals.The development of high-performance electrocatalysts is recognized as the key to achieving efficient electrocatalytic oxidation of HMF to FDCA.In this review，recent research progress on catalysts for the electrooxidation of HMF（HMFOR）to FDCA is summarized，with particular emphasis placed on structure-activity relationships and optimization strategies of catalysts.Firstly，the reaction pathways of HMFOR and two electrochemical oxidation mechanisms are detailed.Secondly，research advancesin noble-metal-based and transition-metal-based electrocatalysts are systematically reviewed；the promotion mechanisms associated with different metal elements in HMFOR are mainly analyzed，and their structure-activity relationships are clarified.Thirdly，optimization strategies for electrocatalyst performance are examined in depth，including regulation of surface reconstruction，balancing of surface adsorption，construction of synergistic catalytic architectures，and acceleration of proton transfer.Finally，the principal challenges and future directions for the development of efficient HMFOR catalysts are summarized and envisaged from the perspectives of dynamic mechanisms，reaction stability，device integration，and system coupling.This review is intended to provide theoretical guidance and useful insights for the design and development of efficient electrocatalysts，for further elucidation of reaction mechanisms，and for promoting the value-added conversion of biomass resources.

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