Research on High-Temperature Corrosion Behavior and Mechanisms of T91 Heat-Resistant Steel in Water-Cooled Walls of 630℃Ultra-Supercritical Power Generation Units

HE Chuang; CHEN Yana; LIANG Zhiyuan; WEI Pengkai; SHAO Huaishuang; ZHAO Qinxin

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202605013

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Research on High-Temperature Corrosion Behavior and Mechanisms of T91 Heat-Resistant Steel in Water-Cooled Walls of 630℃Ultra-Supercritical Power Generation Units

更新时间：2026-04-27

- Research on High-Temperature Corrosion Behavior and Mechanisms of T91 Heat-Resistant Steel in Water-Cooled Walls of 630℃Ultra-Supercritical Power Generation Units
- Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University Vol. 60, Issue 5, Pages: 131-141(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学热流科学与工程教育部重点实验室，710049，西安
  哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司，150040，哈尔滨
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202605013
  CLC： TG132
- Received：17 September 2025，
  
  Published：10 May 2026
- 稿件说明：
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HE Chuang, CHEN Yana, LIANG Zhiyuan, et al. Research on High-Temperature Corrosion Behavior and Mechanisms of T91 Heat-Resistant Steel in Water-Cooled Walls of 630℃Ultra-Supercritical Power Generation Units[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(5): 131-141.
DOI：

HE Chuang, CHEN Yana, LIANG Zhiyuan, et al. Research on High-Temperature Corrosion Behavior and Mechanisms of T91 Heat-Resistant Steel in Water-Cooled Walls of 630℃Ultra-Supercritical Power Generation Units[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(5): 131-141. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202605013.

摘要

为研究耐热钢高温腐蚀行为，选取630℃超超临界发电机组水冷壁使用的铁素体耐热钢T91为研究对象，开展不同负荷运行工况下耐热钢烟气腐蚀行为研究。采用分析天平测量耐热钢腐蚀前后质量变化，利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪等设备表征腐蚀产物的形貌、成分及其分布。实验结果表明：500℃下耐热钢T91的腐蚀动力学曲线符合抛物线型规律，550℃和600℃下腐蚀动力学曲线在反应初期遵循抛物线型规律，分别在100 h和75 h转变为直线型规律，并且600℃下直线斜率增大，说明温度能够加速耐热钢腐蚀规律转变。耐热钢表面均呈现红褐色，表面形貌由丝状向尖晶石状和球状腐蚀产物转变。耐热钢T91表面腐蚀产物呈现3层腐蚀结构，由气体侧到基体侧腐蚀层分别为Fe-O腐蚀层（主要为Fe

、Fe

）、FeS腐蚀层、Fe-Cr-O腐蚀层（FeCr

）。随着温度升高，腐蚀层厚度增加，温度升高100℃氧化膜厚度增厚42.9%。腐蚀层的生长机制由以阳离子向外扩散为主导，逐渐转变为以阴离子向内扩散为主导。这一转变导致氧化膜/基体界面处形成孔隙及硫化物等缺陷，加剧了电站锅炉水冷壁失效风险。

Abstract

To investigate the high-temperature corrosion behavior of heat-resistant steel

T91 ferritic heat-resistant steel

which is used in the water-cooled walls of 630℃ ultra-supercritical power generation units

is selected as the research subj ect. The flue gas corrosion behavior of the heat-resistant steel under different load operating conditions was studied. An analytical balance was used to measure the mass change of the steel before and after corrosion

while scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were employed to characterize the morphology

composition

and distribution of the corrosion products. The experimental results indicate that the corrosion kinetic curve of T91 heat-resistant steel at 500℃follows

a parabolic pattern. At 550℃and 600℃

the corrosion kinetic curves initially follow a parabolic pattern but transition to a linear pattern after 100 hours and 75 hours

respectively. At 600℃

the slope of the linear portion increases

indicating that temperature accelerates the transition in the corrosion behavior of the heat-resistant steel. The surfaces of the heat-resistant steel exhibit reddish-brown color

with the surface morphology transitioning from filamentous to spinel-like and spherical corrosion products. The corrosion products on the surface of T91 heat-resistant steel present a three-layer structure

from the gas side to the substrate side：an Fe-O corrosion layer (mainly Fe

and Fe

)

an FeS corrosion layer

and an Fe-Cr-O corrosion layer (FeCr

). As the temperature increases

the thickness of the corrosion layers grows

with a 42.9% increase in oxide layer thickness for every 100℃ rise in temperature. The growth mechanism of the corrosion layers shift from being dominated by outward diffusion of cations to being dominated by inward diffusion of anions. This transition leads to the formation of defects such as pores and sulfides at the oxide/substrate interface

increasing the risk of failure in power plant boiler water-cooled walls.

关键词

Keywords

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