Progress of Reversible Solid Oxide Cells for the Electric-Hydrogen Energy Systems

ZHOU Jun; SUN Yueyue; LI Ruhuan; JI Chengze; FU Lei; WU Kai; CHENG Yonghong

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202604006

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Progress of Reversible Solid Oxide Cells for the Electric-Hydrogen Energy Systems

Special Topic Outstanding Achievements in Natural Sciences of Xi'an Jiaotong University | 更新时间：2026-04-10

- Progress of Reversible Solid Oxide Cells for the Electric-Hydrogen Energy Systems
- Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University Vol. 60, Issue 4, Pages: 72-83(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学电工材料电气绝缘全国重点实验室，710049，西安
  西安交通大学电气工程学院，710049，西安
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202604006
  CLC： TM911.4
- Received：26 September 2025，
  
  Online First：11 November 2025，
  
  Published：10 April 2026
- 稿件说明：
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ZHOU Jun, SUN Yueyue, LI Ruhuan, et al. Progress of Reversible Solid Oxide Cells for the Electric-Hydrogen Energy Systems[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(4): 72-83.
DOI：

ZHOU Jun, SUN Yueyue, LI Ruhuan, et al. Progress of Reversible Solid Oxide Cells for the Electric-Hydrogen Energy Systems[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(4): 72-83. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202604006.

摘要

可逆固体氧化物电池（RSOC）是一种能够灵活、高效地实现电能与燃料气化学能双向转换的关键技术，在可再生能源整合和能源存储领域具有巨大潜力，被视为构建电氢耦合能源系统的关键。西安交通大学电工材料电气绝缘全国重点实验室研究团队长期聚焦于RSOC电氢耦合技术，开展了一系列贯穿材料、电堆与系统层面的系统性研究。在材料层面，针对钙钛矿电极材料发展了原位出溶、熵工程、表面缺陷工程等创新设计方法，结合实验与计算探究了快速电荷转移、缺陷降低出溶势垒等电化学性能提升机制，实验结果表明，可逆固体氧化物单电池的电转氢效率超过90%；在电堆层面，探究了模式切换过程中反应物比例、温度、压强等因素对RSOC动态性能的影响机理，改善反应物分布、引入模糊控制器等优化措施将电流超调抑制99%以上，有效减轻模式切换动态过程的功率波动并提升长期运行稳定性；在系统层面，整合电能、热能、化学能等多重能源，构建了以RSOC为核心的电氢耦合能源系统，使用分段线性化方法优化RSOC的输入输出模型显著降低了计算复杂度，引入RSOC的热备用与停机状态使系统运行成本降低24%。未来，该技术有望在可再生能源消纳、电网调峰、储能等领域得到广泛应用，推动构建清洁低碳、安全高效的能源体系。

Abstract

Reversible solid oxide cells（RSOC）represent a key technology capable of flexibly and efficiently achieving the bidirectional conversion between electrical energy and the chemical energy of fuel gases.They show great potential in renewable energy integration and energy storage，and are regarded as critical components for building electric-hydrogen coupled energy systems.The research team from the state key laboratory of electrical insulation and power equipment at Xi'an Jiaotong University has long been focused on RSOC electric-hydrogen coupling technology，conducting a series of systematic investigations spanning materials，stacks，and systems.At the material level，innovative design methods for perovskite electrode materials have been developed，including in-situ exsolution，entropy engineering，and surface defect engineering.Combined with experimental and computational studies，mechanisms for enhancing electrochemical performancesuch as rapid charge transfer and lowered exsolution barriers via defect engineering-have been elucidated.Experimental results show that the electricity-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency of reversible solid oxide single cells exceeds 90%.At the stack level，the influence mechanisms of factors including reactant ratio，temperature，and pressure on the dynamic performance of RSOC during mode switching have been explored.Optimization measures such as improved reactant distribution and the introduction of fuzzy controllers have been implemented，suppressing current overshoot by over 99% and effectively mitigating power fluctuations during the dynamic modeswitching process，thereby enhancing long-term operational stability.At the system level，multiple energy forms including electrical，thermal，and chemical energy have been integrated to construct RSOC-centered electric-hydrogen coupled energy systems.The input-output model of RSOC has been optimized using a piece-wise linearization method，significantly reducing computational complexity.The introduction of hot-standby and shutdown states for RSOC has lowered system operating costs by 24%.In the future，RSOC technology is expected to be widely applied in areas such as renewable energy accommodation，grid peaking，and energy storage，promoting the construction of a clean，low-carbon，safe，and efficient energy system.

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