Progress in the Construction of Ion Transport Pathways in Fuel Cell Membrane Electrodes Using Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials

SHI Le; LIU Wei; CHENG Yonghong

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202604005

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Progress in the Construction of Ion Transport Pathways in Fuel Cell Membrane Electrodes Using Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials

Special Topic Outstanding Achievements in Natural Sciences of Xi'an Jiaotong University | 更新时间：2026-04-10

- Progress in the Construction of Ion Transport Pathways in Fuel Cell Membrane Electrodes Using Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials
- Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University Vol. 60, Issue 4, Pages: 58-71(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学电工材料电气绝缘全国重点实验室，710049，西安
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202604005
  CLC： TM911
- Received：26 September 2025，
  
  Online First：29 December 2025，
  
  Published：10 April 2026
- 稿件说明：
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SHI Le, LIU Wei, CHENG Yonghong. Progress in the Construction of Ion Transport Pathways in Fuel Cell Membrane Electrodes Using Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(4): 58-71.
DOI：

SHI Le, LIU Wei, CHENG Yonghong. Progress in the Construction of Ion Transport Pathways in Fuel Cell Membrane Electrodes Using Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(4): 58-71. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202604005.

摘要

燃料电池作为关键能源装置，在未来能源体系中具有重要地位。膜电极（MEA）作为核心反应场所，其内部高效的质子（H

）或氢氧根离子（OH

）选择性传输至关重要。传统MEA主要依赖离子传导性聚合物实现离子传输，但普遍存在工作温区受限、成本高昂、化学稳定性不足等瓶颈问题。近年来，由于H

/OH

传导能力显著、原料来源广泛、化学稳定性高等优势，以二维剥离黏土、二维共价有机框架材料（2D-COFs）等为代表的新型二维纳米材料为构建高性能离子传输通路提供了新的解决途径。首先，系统介绍了本课题组在二维纳米材料离子（H

/OH

）传导机理方面的研究进展，重点阐述了通过精准调控二维纳米材料微观结构（如层间距、表面官能团、堆叠方式），构筑高效、稳定离子选择性传输通路的策略。接着，结合具体研究案例，展示了其在MEA关键组件中的创新应用，即利用二维剥离黏土构筑高性能质子交换膜（PEM）、采用二维剥离水滑石（2D-LDH）构筑阴离子交换膜（AEM）以及基于2D-COFs在催化层内构建高效的质子传输网络。最后，对二维纳米材料在未来高性能氢燃料电池膜电极中的深入应用潜力和挑战进行了总结与展望。

Abstract

As a key energy conversion device，fuel cells hold a significant position in the future energy system.The membrane electrode assembly（MEA），serving as the core reaction site，relies critically on the efficient and selective transport of protons（H

）or hydroxide ions（OH

）within its structure.Conventional MEAs predominantly depend on ion-conductive polymers to facilitate ion transport，yet they generally face bottlenecks such as a limited operational temperature range，high cost，and insufficient chemical stability.In recent years，novel twodimensional（2 D）nanomaterials，exemplified by exfoliated clay and two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks（2 D-COFs），have emerged as promising alternatives for constructing highperformance ion transport pathways，owing to their notable conductivity of H

/OH

，abundant raw material sources，and high chemical stability.Firstly，the research progress of the authors' group regarding the ion（H

/OH

）conduction mechanisms in 2 D nanomaterials is systematically introduced，with emphasis on strategies for constructing efficient and stable ion-selective transport pathways through precise control of the microstructures of 2 D nanomaterials，such as interlayer spacing，surface functional groups，and stacking modes.Subsequently，through specific resea

rch case studies，their innovative applications in key MEA components are demonstrated，including the construction of high-performance proton exchange membranes（PEMs）using exfoliated clay，the fabrication of anion exchange membranes（AEMs）using exfoliated layered double hydroxides（2 D-LDHs），and the establishment of efficient proton transport networks within catalyst layers based on 2D-COFs.Finally，the potential and challenges for the deeper application of 2D nanomaterials in future high-performance hydrogen fuel cell membrane electrodes are summarized and prospected.

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