A Review of Research Progress and Prospect of Non-Electric Protection for Large Power Transformers

LI Boyu; HAO Zhiguo; ZHANG Kanghai; DONG Jiatao; ZHENG Yuping; XUE Zhongxin

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202604004

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A Review of Research Progress and Prospect of Non-Electric Protection for Large Power Transformers

Special Topic Outstanding Achievements in Natural Sciences of Xi'an Jiaotong University | 更新时间：2026-04-10

- A Review of Research Progress and Prospect of Non-Electric Protection for Large Power Transformers
- Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University Vol. 60, Issue 4, Pages: 42-57(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学电气工程学院，710049，西安
  南瑞集团有限公司（国网电力科学研究院有限公司），211106，南京
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202604004
  CLC： TM772
- Received：26 September 2025，
  
  Online First：01 December 2025，
  
  Published：10 April 2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
LI Boyu, HAO Zhiguo, ZHANG Kanghai, et al. A Review of Research Progress and Prospect of Non-Electric Protection for Large Power Transformers[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(4): 42-57.
DOI：

LI Boyu, HAO Zhiguo, ZHANG Kanghai, et al. A Review of Research Progress and Prospect of Non-Electric Protection for Large Power Transformers[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(4): 42-57. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202604004.

摘要

电力变压器是电网中承担电能传输与电压调节任务的核心装置，其油箱内部电弧故障易引发燃爆甚至火灾事故，从而造成恶劣的影响甚至人员伤亡。业界工作者根据变压器内部电弧故障引发的非电参量特性的保护原理，开发了相应的保护装置。该类装置与电气量保护装置相配合，共同承担维护电力变压器安全稳定运行的重要职责。针对大型电力变压器，阐述了其内部电弧故障引发非电参量变化的物理过程及其内在机理；分类归纳了当前现场实际应用的非电量保护装置及其保护原理；梳理了现阶段针对变压器内部电弧故障引发非电参量特性开展的实验探究与仿真分析的研究现状，以及新型非电量保护装置的设计开发；总结了当前非电量保护原理及装置的不足与面临的挑战；展望了电弧引发的非电参量特性、新型保护原理和保护装置等方面的未来研究方向。该研究可为大型电力变压器新型继电保护技术的研究提供理论参考与工程指导。

Abstract

Power transformers are core equipment in electrical grids，responsible for power transmission and voltage regulation.Internal arc faults within the transformer tank can easily lead to combustion，explosions，and even fires，resulting in severe consequences and casualties.Based on the protection principles that rely on the non-electrical parameter characteristics induced by internal arc faults，corresponding protection devices have been developed in the industry.These devices work in coordination with electrical protection equipment to collectively ensure the safe and stable operation of power transformers.This paper first elaborates on the physical processes and underlying mechanisms of the non-electrical parameter changes caused by internal arc faults in large power transformers. Then，the non-electric protection devices currently applied in the field，along with their operating principles，are categorized and summarized.The current research status concerning experimental investigation and simulation analysis of the non-electrical parameter characteristics induced by internal arc faults is reviewed，together with the design and development of new types of nonelectric protection devices.Furthermore，the shortcomings and challenges faced by current nonelectric protection principles and devices are summarized.Finally，future research directions are outlined，including the characteristics of non-electrical parameters caused by arcs，novel protection principles，and the development of protection devices.This work is expected to provide theoretical reference and engineering guidance for the research of new relay protection technologies for large power transformers.

关键词

Keywords

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