Experimental Study on the Influence of Oil Charge and Oil Circulation Rate in R290 Secondary Loop Thermal System for Electric Vehicles

WANG Zhiming; MA Wenbin; ZONG Shuo; ZHANG Yichen; YIN Xiang; CAO Feng

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202603003

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Experimental Study on the Influence of Oil Charge and Oil Circulation Rate in R290 Secondary Loop Thermal System for Electric Vehicles

Special Topic Thermal Management of Electric Vehicles | 更新时间：2026-03-09

- Experimental Study on the Influence of Oil Charge and Oil Circulation Rate in R290 Secondary Loop Thermal System for Electric Vehicles
- Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University Vol. 60, Issue 3, Pages: 20-29(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院，710049，西安
  辰致汽车科技集团有限公司重庆创新研究分公司，400071，重庆
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202603003
  CLC： TK11
- Received：31 July 2025，
  
  Published：10 March 2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
WANG Zhiming, MA Wenbin, ZONG Shuo, et al. Experimental Study on the Influence of Oil Charge and Oil Circulation Rate in R290 Secondary Loop Thermal System for Electric Vehicles[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(3): 20-29.
DOI：

WANG Zhiming, MA Wenbin, ZONG Shuo, et al. Experimental Study on the Influence of Oil Charge and Oil Circulation Rate in R290 Secondary Loop Thermal System for Electric Vehicles[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(3): 20-29. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202603003.

摘要

为解决集成模块化的电动汽车R290二次回路热系统如何确定油充注量和测试油循环率（OCR）的问题，设计了二次回路系统台架和压缩机单体台架对比测试标定系统油充注量和OCR的方法，试验研究了不同油充注量对系统性能、压缩机排气温度、压缩机残油量和制冷剂充注量的影响。试验结果表明：随着系统油充注量的增加，系统制冷量和性能系数（COP）先增加后减小，在系统油充注量为70g时，系统制冷量、系统COP和压缩机容积效率同时最优；随着系统油充注量的增加，压缩机排气温度逐渐降低。系统油充注量为70g和80g时，系统台架上的压缩机排气温度与压缩机单体台架测试的压缩机排气温度84℃最接近，在±1℃的偏差范围内，系统油循环率接近3%，满足系统和压缩机对油循环率的要求。系统油充注量70g以上时，压缩机残油量均大于50g，满足压缩机需求。因此结合性能、油循环率要求和残油量要求，系统最佳的油充注量是70 g。同时，油量的增多会影响制冷剂充注量，增加20g油量会减少15g制冷剂充注量平台段。该研究内容可为R290集成模块的油充注量和油循环率测试方法提供指导。

Abstract

To address the issue of how to determine the oil charge and measure the oil circulation rate (OCR)in an integrated modular R290 secondary loop thermal system for electric vehicles

this study designs a testing method involving a secondary loop system bench and a standalone compressor bench for the comparative calibration of the system’s oil charge and OCR.The effects of varying oil charges on system performance

compressor discharge temperature

residual oil mass in the compressor

and refrigerant charge are experimentally investigated.The experimental results show that as the system oil charge increases

the system cooling capacity and coefficient of performance (COP)first increase and then decrease.When the system oil charge is 70 g

the system cooling capacity

system COP

and compressor volumetric efficiency simultaneously reach their optimum values.As the system oil charge increases

the compressor discharge temperature gradually decreases.When the system oil charge is 70 g and 80 g

the compressor discharge temperature measured on the system bench is closest to the 84 ℃ measured on the standalone compressor bench

falling within a deviation range of ±1 ℃

and the system’s OCR is close to 3%

meeting the OCR requirements of both the system and the compressor.When the system oil charge exceeds 70 g

the residual oil in the compressor is greater than 50 g

satisfying the compressor’s requirement.Therefore

considering performance

OCR requirements

and residual oil amount requirements

the optimal system oil charge is determined as 70 g.Furthermore

an increase in the oil quantity affects the refrigerant charge；an increase of 20 g in oil reduces the plateau section of the refrigerant charge by 15 g.This study provides guidance for the oil charge and OCR testing methods in integrated R290 modules.

关键词

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Related Author

WANG Zhiming

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Related Institution

School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University

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