Experimental Study on the Performance of R290 Regenerative-Vapor Injection Coupled Heat Pump for Electric Vehicles

SHAO Wencong; SUN Yao; SHI Chuliang; ZHANG Rongrong; WANG Fang; YANG Tianyang; ZOU Huiming

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202603002

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Experimental Study on the Performance of R290 Regenerative-Vapor Injection Coupled Heat Pump for Electric Vehicles

Special Topic Thermal Management of Electric Vehicles | 更新时间：2026-03-09

- Experimental Study on the Performance of R290 Regenerative-Vapor Injection Coupled Heat Pump for Electric Vehicles
- Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University Vol. 60, Issue 3, Pages: 9-19(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  中国科学院理化技术研究所，100190，北京
  中国科学院大学，100049，北京
  中国科学院低温科学与技术全国重点实验室，100190，北京
  浙江三花汽车零部件有限公司，310018，杭州
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202603002
  CLC： TB61;TB69
- Received：03 July 2025，
  
  Published：10 March 2026
- 稿件说明：
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SHAO Wencong, SUN Yao, SHI Chuliang, et al. Experimental Study on the Performance of R290 Regenerative-Vapor Injection Coupled Heat Pump for Electric Vehicles[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(3): 9-19.
DOI：

SHAO Wencong, SUN Yao, SHI Chuliang, et al. Experimental Study on the Performance of R290 Regenerative-Vapor Injection Coupled Heat Pump for Electric Vehicles[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(3): 9-19. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202603002.

摘要

为解决电动汽车R290热泵系统在宽温区工况下制热与制冷性能难以协同优化的问题，提出了一种适用于电动汽车R290制冷剂补气-回热耦合式热泵系统。该系统采用一个中间换热器耦合补气循环经济器与回热循环回热器的功能，可以实现两种循环灵活切换。通过宽温区工况下的实验与理论分析，验证系统的性能优势。结果表明：制热工况补气循环制热量与性能系数（COP）均优于回热循环，-30℃环境下，补气循环制热量较回热循环提升44.4%，COP提升7.4%；制冷工况回热循环COP高于补气循环，50℃环境下，回热循环COP较补气循环提升7.6%。进一步分析中间换热器特性，宽温区工况下，回热器的换热量较大，㶲效率较低，故耦合中间换热器的选型应优先满足回热循环工况条件。基于不同工况的实验结果，提出了回热器的传热与压降特性评价方法，并得到了相应的经验关系式。该研究为电动汽车热泵系统的能效提升与全气候适应性设计提供了理论与实验参考。

Abstract

To address the challenge of synergistically optimizing the heating and cooling performance of R290 heat pump systems for electric vehicles across a wide temperature range

this study proposes a novel R290 vapor injection-regenerative coupled heat pump system.The system employs an intermediate heat exchanger that integrates the functions of an economizer for the vapor injection cycle and a regenerator for the regenerative cycle

allowing flexible switching between the two cycles.Experimental and theoretical analyses under wide temperature range conditions validate the system’s performance advantages.The results show that in heating mode

the vapor injection cycle outperforms the regenerative cycle in both heating capacity and coefficient of performance(COP).At a -30℃ ambient temperature

the heating capacity of the vapor injection cycle increases by 44.4% and the COP improves by 7.4% compared to the regenerative cycle.In cooling mode

the regenerative cycle achieves a higher COP than the vapor injection cycle.At a 50 ℃ ambient temperature

the COP of the regenerative cycle is 7.6% higher.Further analysis of the intermediate heat exchanger characteristics reveals that under wide temperature range conditions

the regenerator exhibits greater heat transfer capacity but lower exergy efficiency.Therefore

the selection of the intermediate heat exchanger should prioritize meeting the operating conditions of the regenerative cycle.Based on experimental data from different conditions

an evaluation method for the heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of the regenerator is proposed

along with corresponding empirical correlations.This study provides theoretical and experimental references for enabling greater energy efficiency and all-climate adaptability design in heat pump systems for electric vehicles.

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references

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