Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Coupling Analysis of Fracture Networks During Heat Extraction from Hot Dry Rock Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

QIAO Mingzheng; JING Zefeng; ZHOU Yujuan; ZHENG Long; WANG Lichao

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202602008

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Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Coupling Analysis of Fracture Networks During Heat Extraction from Hot Dry Rock Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

Special Topic Frontier Applications of Supercritical Fluids | 更新时间：2026-02-09

- Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Coupling Analysis of Fracture Networks During Heat Extraction from Hot Dry Rock Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
- Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University Vol. 60, Issue 2, Pages: 82-91(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院，710049，西安
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202602008
  CLC： TK521.1
- Received：13 July 2025，
  
  Published：10 February 2026
- 稿件说明：
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QIAO Mingzheng, JING Zefeng, ZHOU Yujuan, et al. Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Coupling Analysis of Fracture Networks During Heat Extraction from Hot Dry Rock Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(2): 82-91.
DOI：

QIAO Mingzheng, JING Zefeng, ZHOU Yujuan, et al. Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Coupling Analysis of Fracture Networks During Heat Extraction from Hot Dry Rock Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(2): 82-91. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202602008.

摘要

针对使用超临界二氧化碳（SC-CO

）开发干热岩深层地热能时，裂隙储层在多物理场耦合作用下的特性演变规律，以及裂隙网络连通性对热采性能影响不明确的问题，使用数值模拟的方法，探究了裂隙储层网络的热流固（THM）耦合作用，并且模拟了不同压裂工况下裂隙网络的热采过程。研究对比了SC-CO

与水作为工作介质的取热效果，探究储层特性演变规律，分析了裂隙网络连通性对各物理场和储层特性的影响。研究结果表明：SC-CO

较水具有更高的生产温度和更缓的温度下降趋势，且对储层位移影响更小，更适合长期开采；多条水力裂隙网络的生产温度比单条水力裂隙网络的生产温度高出约24 K；单条水力裂隙网络中，断路距离的增加能够延缓温度下降，但也增大压力损失；多条水力裂隙网络中，断路会减少换热面积并降低换热量，但不影响热突破时间；储层孔隙度、渗透率及裂隙开度受THM耦合作用显著，井眼附近因流体压力梯度导致裂隙开度变化剧烈。该研究为增强型地热系统中裂隙网络的优化及高效热采提供理论依据。

Abstract

To address the unclear issues concerning the evolution of properties in fractured reservoirs under multi-physical field coupling effects and the influence of fracture network connectivity on thermal extraction performance during the development of deep geothermal energy from hot dry rock using supercritical carbon dioxide（SC-CO

），a numerical simulation study was conducted. The thermo-hydro-mechanical（THM）coupling in fractured reservoir networks was investigated，and the heat extraction processes of fracture networks under different fracturing conditions were simulated.A comparison of heat extraction efficiency was made between SC-CO

and water as working fluids，the evolution of reservoir properties was explored，and the impact of fracture network connectivity on various physical fields and reservoir characteristics was analyzed.The results indicate that，compared with water，SC-CO

yields a higher production temperature，a slower temperature decline trend，and less impact on reservoir displacement，rendering it more suitable for long-term extraction.The production temperature of the multi-hydraulic fracture network is approximately 24 K higher than that of the single hydraulic fracture network.In a single

hydraulic fracture network，an increase in disconnection distance delays the temperature decline but raises the pressure loss.In multi-hydraulic fracture networks，disconnection reduces the heat exchange area and total heat transfer，yet does not affect the thermal breakthrough time. Reservoir porosity，permeability，and fracture aperture are significantly influenced by THM coupling.Notably，the fracture aperture near the wellbore undergoes drastic changes due to the high fluid pressure gradient.This study provides a theoretical basis for the optimization of fracture networks and efficient heat extraction in enhanced geothermal systems.

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references

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