Study on the Influence Mechanism of Ambient Temperature and Pressure on Single Droplet Evaporation Characteristics of HFE7100 Refrigerant

YIN Jing; LIU Yi; Leslie K.NORVIHOHO; CHEN Bin; ZHOU Zhifu

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202601011

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Study on the Influence Mechanism of Ambient Temperature and Pressure on Single Droplet Evaporation Characteristics of HFE7100 Refrigerant

Special Topic Pollution Control and Resource Utilization in the “Dual Carbon”Context | 更新时间：2026-01-15

- Study on the Influence Mechanism of Ambient Temperature and Pressure on Single Droplet Evaporation Characteristics of HFE7100 Refrigerant
- Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University Vol. 60, Issue 1, Pages: 107-116(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学动力工程多相流国家重点实验室，710049，西安
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202601011
  CLC： TK121
- Received：22 March 2025，
  
  Published：10 January 2026
- 稿件说明：
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YIN Jing, LIU Yi, Leslie K.NORVIHOHO, et al. Study on the Influence Mechanism of Ambient Temperature and Pressure on Single Droplet Evaporation Characteristics of HFE7100 Refrigerant[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(1): 107-116.
DOI：

YIN Jing, LIU Yi, Leslie K.NORVIHOHO, et al. Study on the Influence Mechanism of Ambient Temperature and Pressure on Single Droplet Evaporation Characteristics of HFE7100 Refrigerant[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2026, 60(1): 107-116. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202601011.

摘要

为系统研究环境温度与压力对环保型制冷剂HFE7100单液滴蒸发特性的影响机制，基于挂滴法，结合高速摄像与热电偶测温技术，同步观测液滴形态与内部温度变化。试验结果表明，HFE7100单液滴蒸发特性受环境温度（50、100、150、200、250℃）与压力（1、10、20 bar）的显著影响。在高温（＞100℃）下，液滴蒸发呈双阶段特征，即初始加热阶段和平衡蒸发阶段，而50℃低温下仅表现为单阶段平衡蒸发。在250℃时，因组分沸点差异较小可观察到气泡形成与破裂，但对蒸发的促进作用有限，且高压（10、20 bar）会显著减小气泡尺寸。高温通过提高气液相传热强度、饱和蒸气压及气相扩散系数，显著加速液滴升温与蒸发，导致初始加热阶段占比增加。此外，环境压力对蒸发特性的影响取决于环境温度。在50℃低温下，压力升高因抑制蒸汽扩散而降低蒸发速率常数；而在150、200、250℃高温下，压力通过降低气化潜热和增强对流传热加速液滴升温，反而提升蒸发速率常数。这些效应（促进液滴升温与抑制蒸汽扩散）相互竞争，最终决定了环境压力对液滴蒸发的影响。该发现为喷雾冷却技术的优化提供了重要的理论依据。

Abstract

To systematically investigate the influence mechanism of ambient temperature and pressure on the single-droplet evaporation characteristics of the environmentally friendly refrigerant HFE7100，the suspended droplet method is employed，combined with high-speed imaging and thermocouple temperature measurement techniques to simultaneously observe droplet morphology and internal temperature changes.Experimental results indicate that the single-droplet evaporation characteristics of HFE7100 are significantly affected by ambient temperature (50，100，150，200，250℃) and pressure(1，10，20 bar).At high temperatures (＞100℃)，evaporation exhibits a two-stage characteristic：an initial heating stage and an equilibrium evaporation stage；whereas at a low temperature of 50℃，it only shows a single-stage equilibrium evaporation.At 250℃，due to the small difference in component boiling points，bubble formation and rupture can be observed，but their promoting effect on evaporation is limited，and high pressure (10 and 20 bar)significantly reduces bubble size.High temperature significantly accelerates droplet heating and evaporation by enhancing gas-liquid heat transfer intensity，saturated vapor pressure，and gas-phase diffusion coefficient，but it increases the proportion of the initial heating stage.Furthermore，the influence of ambient pressure on evaporation characteristics depends on the ambient temperature.At a low temperature of 50℃，increased pressure reduces the evaporation rate constant by suppressing vapor diffusion.However，at high temperatures (150，200，250℃)，pressure accelerates droplet heating by reducing latent heat of vaporization and enhancing convective heat transfer，thereby increasing the evaporation rate constant.These effects (promoting droplet heating vs.suppressing vapor diffusion)compete with each other，ultimately determining the impact of ambient pressure on droplet evaporation.The findings provide an important theoretical basis for the optimization of spray cooling technology.

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