Research on Vibration Energy Harvesting and Deformation Sensing of Long Flexible Piezoelectric Beam

CHANG Wenyan; WANG Hu; NIU Zhongrui; ZHANG Senrong; SONG Rujun; ZHANG Dan; ZHANG Leian

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202512020

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Research on Vibration Energy Harvesting and Deformation Sensing of Long Flexible Piezoelectric Beam

更新时间：2025-12-08

- Research on Vibration Energy Harvesting and Deformation Sensing of Long Flexible Piezoelectric Beam
- Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University Vol. 59, Issue 12, Pages: 228-236(2025)
- 作者机构：
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202512020
  CLC： TH113.1
- Received：08 May 2025，
  
  Published：10 December 2025
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
CHANG Wenyan, WANG Hu, NIU Zhongrui, et al. Research on Vibration Energy Harvesting and Deformation Sensing of Long Flexible Piezoelectric Beam[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2025, 59(12): 228-236.
DOI：

CHANG Wenyan, WANG Hu, NIU Zhongrui, et al. Research on Vibration Energy Harvesting and Deformation Sensing of Long Flexible Piezoelectric Beam[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2025, 59(12): 228-236. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202512020.

摘要

针对汽车运行时悬架系统因路面激励产生的振动能量未被有效利用、其振动状态缺乏监测的问题，提出了阵列式压电俘能与形变监测一体化装置的方案，实现了振动能回收利用及监测汽车状态。阵列压电装置是由一个悬臂梁和3个压电片构成，压电片Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ沿直线分别粘贴在悬臂梁的根部、中部、靠近尾部的位置，利用压电效应将振动能转换成电能，并基于激振实验测得的多点电压，通过高斯数值积分与样条插值方法建立长柔悬臂梁挠度数学模型，进行数值仿真分析。结果表明：阵列压电装置的共振频率为19.6 Hz，输出电压随激振频率的增加先增大后减小，随激励加速度的增大而增大；悬臂梁根部的压电片Ⅰ输出开路电压最大，其在不同激励加速度下最大输出电压分别为8.08、6.59、4.13 V。在质量块和磁力分别作用下，共振频率均会减小，且输出电压增加。在质量块影响下，压电片Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ处最大输出电压相较于无质量块分别提升了31.19%、25.95%、52.78%，在磁力作用下，分别提升了45.92%、28.98%、55.21%。当加速度为2 m/s

时，长柔压电梁末端挠度实验结果为6.967 mm，数值仿真结果为6.964 mm，相对误差仅为0.43%，引入磁力后，相对误差最大为10.06%。该研究可为振动能量收集和汽车安全行驶提供参考。

Abstract

During the operation of a vehicle

vibration energy will be generated by the suspension system due to r

oad excitation.Yet it is not recovered for use.The vibration state of the vehicle is not monitored

either.To address these issues

an integrated device for array piezoelectric energy harvesting and deformation monitoring is proposed

which may not only recover vibration energy but also monitor the vehicle status.The device is composed of a cantilever beam and three piezoelectric sheets.The piezoelectric sheets are aligned in a straight line and respectively attached to the root Ⅰ

middle Ⅱ

and near the tail Ⅲ of the cantilever beam

acting to convert vibration energy into electrical energy via the piezoelectric effect.With voltage measured at multiple points through excitation experiments

a mathematical model for the deflection of the long flexible beam is established based on Gaussian numerical integration and spline interpolation methods for numerical simulation and analysis.Results：The array piezoelectric device has a resonant frequency of 19.6 Hz.The output voltage first increased and then decreased as the excitation frequency grew

and increased as the excitation acceleration rose.The maximum opencircuit output voltage occurred at piezoelectric sheet Ⅰ at the root of the cantilever beam

which reached 8.08

6.59 and 4.13 V respectively at different excitation accelerations.Under the effect of a mass block or magnetic force

the resonant frequency decreased and the output voltage increased.With the application of the mass block

the maximum output voltage at Ⅰ

Ⅱ and Ⅲincreased by 31.19%

25.95% and 52.7% respectively compared to that when no mass block was applied.When a magnetic force was applied

the maximum output voltage increased by 45.92%

28.98% and 55.21% respectively.When the acceleration was 2 m/s

the deflection at the end of the long flexible piezoelectric beam was 6.967 mm

with a relative error of only 0.43% to the result obtained through numerical simulation（6.964 mm）.After the introduction of the magnetic force

the maximum relative error was 10.06%.The insights presented in this research can pr

ovide a reference for vibration energy harvesting and safe driving of automobiles.

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references

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