Study on Beam Uniformization of High-Energy Beam Transport in High-Current Accelerator-Driven Neutron Source

SU Haoquan; KONG Guoqing; LI Jinglun; PAN Wenlong; CHEN Yongqi; HU Yaocheng; JIANG Quanxu; YANG Jinghe; LI Haipeng; WANG Sheng

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202512008

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

Study on Beam Uniformization of High-Energy Beam Transport in High-Current Accelerator-Driven Neutron Source

Special Topic Neutron Source Optimization | 更新时间：2025-12-08

- Study on Beam Uniformization of High-Energy Beam Transport in High-Current Accelerator-Driven Neutron Source
- Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University Vol. 59, Issue 12, Pages: 92-104(2025)
- 作者机构：
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202512008
  CLC： TL501+.5
- Received：07 May 2025，
  
  Published：10 December 2025
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
SU Haoquan, KONG Guoqing, LI Jinglun, et al. Study on Beam Uniformization of High-Energy Beam Transport in High-Current Accelerator-Driven Neutron Source[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2025, 59(12): 92-104.
DOI：

SU Haoquan, KONG Guoqing, LI Jinglun, et al. Study on Beam Uniformization of High-Energy Beam Transport in High-Current Accelerator-Driven Neutron Source[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2025, 59(12): 92-104. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202512008.

摘要

为满足强流连续波运行模式下加速器中子源对高传输效率与束流均匀度的双重要求，开展了高能束流传输线（HEBT）的束流动力学设计与均匀化研究，提出了一种兼顾双靶供束与末端均匀展宽的HEBT结构优化方案。设计通过磁铁布局优化，实现了质子能量2.8 MeV、束流强度20 mA、束流占空比100%的质子束从加速器出口至靶终端的高效传输，传输效率超过99.90%。在终端段前引入1台双向偏转2极磁铁，实现对2个靶站的独立供束，显著提升了束流利用率。针对终端段空间紧凑的问题，通过在偏转磁铁后设计了由2组双单元4极磁铁和2台连续布置的8极磁铁构成的组合磁铁布局，在3.2m空间内实现了

、

方向的均匀展宽，并在靶面上形成了边长约110 mm，均匀度超过90%的方形束斑，从而兼顾了高传输效率与高均匀度需求。通过调节终端段4极与8极磁铁参数，实现了在50～130 mm范围内灵活调控束斑尺寸，均匀度保持在86%以上。采用TraceWin进行多粒子追踪模拟，系统评估了该方案在非理想入射束流和磁铁误差条件下的稳定性。进一步引入束流位置监测器与校正磁铁的联合控制机制，建立反馈回路，实现了束流轨道的有效校正，降低误差对传输性能的影响。1000次随机误差模拟结果表明：该设计在多种工况下均能保持传输效率大于99.84%，均匀度大于80%，验证了其良好的误差容忍性与工程可实现性。

Abstract

To satisfy the high transmission efficiency and beam uniformity requirements of acceleratorbased neutron sources operating in continuous wave（CW）high-current mode

an optimized high energy beam transport（HEBT）layout with both dual-target beam delivery and terminal beam uniformity taken into account is proposed in this study based on the beam dynamics design and uniformization investigation for HEBT.Through magnetic lattice optimization

the layout achieved efficient transmission of a 2.8 MeV

20 mA

100% duty cycle proton beam from the RFQ exit to the target station

with the transmission efficiency exceeding 99.90%.Before the terminal section

a dual-direction bending dipole magnet i

s introduced for independent beam delivery to two target stations

having significantly improved the beam utilization rate.Considering the limited space in the terminal section

a compact magnetic structure consisting of two doublet quadrupole pairs and two consecutively placed octupoles is provided to realize uniform beam expansion in both

and

directions within the 3.2 m-wide space

forming a square beam spot with the side length of approximately 110 mm and uniformity of over 90% on the target surface to accommodate the high transmission efficiency and uniformity requirements.The parameters of the terminal quadrupoles and octupoles can be adjusted to flexibly change the beam spot size within the range of 50～130 mm while maintaining the uniformity above 86%.Multi-particle tracking simulations were conducted using TraceWin to evaluate the robustness of the design with non-ideal input beams and magnetic field errors.A feedback correction mechanism integrating beam position monitors and steering magnets was established to effectively correct beam trajectory deviations and reduce the effect of errors on the transmission performance.According to results from 1

000 random error simulations

the transmission efficiency with the design consistently maintained above 99.84% and the beam uniformity above 80% under various conditions.This suggests that the layout proposed is of strong error tolerance and engineering feasibility.

关键词

Keywords

references

IAEA . Compact accelerator based neutron sources [M ] . Vienna, Austria : International Atomic Energy Agency , 2021 .

TASKAEV S Y . Accelerator based epithermal neutron source [J ] . Physics of Particles and Nuclei , 2015 , 46 ( 6 ): 956 - 990 .

UESAKA M , KOBAYASHI H . Compact neutron sources for energy and security [J ] . Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology , 2015 , 8 : 181 - 207 .

MENG Cai , TANG Jingyu , PEI Shilun , et al . Mismatch study of C-ADS main linac [J ] . Chinese Physics: C , 2015 , 39 ( 9 ): 097002 .

LI Xiaoni , YUAN Youjin , XIAO Chen , et al . Beam dynamics simulation of HEBT for the SSC-linac injector [J ] . Chinese Physics: C , 2012 , 36 ( 11 ): 1126 - 1131 .

ESHRAQI M , DE PRISCO R , MIYAMOTO R , et al . Statistical error studies in the ESS linac [C ] // 5th International Particle Accelerator Conference . Geneva, Switzerland : JACoW Publishing , 2014 : 3323 - 3325 .

胡耀程 , 范晶晶 , 谢宇鹏 , 等 . 脉冲束流下车载加速器中子源靶传热特性 [J ] . 西安交通大学学报 , 2024 , 58 ( 7 ): 84 - 93 .

HU Yaocheng , FAN Jingjing , XIE Yupeng , et al . Heat transfer characteristics of transportable accelera tor neutron source targets under pulsed beam [J ] . Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University , 2024 , 58 ( 7 ): 84 - 93 .

李晓博 , 胡耀程 , 范晶晶 , 等 . 用于车载加速器中子源的边缘冷却靶结构研究 [J ] . 西安交通大学学报 , 2023 , 57 ( 6 ): 160 - 171 .

LI Xiaobo , HU Yaocheng , FAN Jingjing , et al . Edgecooling target structure for transportable acceleratordriven neutron source [J ] . Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University , 2023 , 57 ( 6 ): 160 - 171 .

杨新宇 , 郭刚 , 彭朝华 . 基于八极磁铁的束流均匀化设计方法 [J ] . 现代应用物理 , 2022 , 13 ( 3 ): 64 - 69 .

YANG Xinyu , GUO Gang , PENG Zhaohua . Design method of beam homogenization based on octupole magnet [J ] . Modern Applied Physics , 2022 , 13 ( 3 ): 64 - 69 .

王常强 , 向益淮 , 李金海 , 等 . 地面模拟空间电子环境束流均匀化设计 [J ] . 核技术 , 2020 , 43 ( 12 ): 25 - 32 .

WANG Changqiang , XIANG Yihuai , LI Jinhai , et al . Design of beam homogenization for ground simulation of space electron environment [J ] . Nuclear Techniques , 2020 , 43 ( 12 ): 25 - 32 .

HOLM A I S , MØLLER S P , THOMSEN H D . The high energy beam transport system for the European spallation source [C ] // Proceedings, 2nd International Conference, IPAC 2011 . [S.l .: s.n.] , 2011 : 3540 - 3542 .

李金海 , 张立锋 , 曾自强 . 电子辐照加速器束流扫描均匀化研究 [J ] . 原子能科学技术 , 2015 , 49 ( S2 ): 564 - 568 .

LI Jinhai , ZHANG Lifeng , ZENG Ziqiang . Research of homogenizing scanned beam of electron irradiation accelerator [J ] . Atomic Energy Science and Technology , 2015 , 49 ( S2 ): 564 - 568 .

贾波磊 . 质子治疗多极扫描磁铁的研究 [D ] . 上海 : 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 , 2019 .

陈威 . 用于质子治疗的八极扫描磁铁研究 [D ] . 武汉 : 华中科技大学 , 2021 .

FURUKAWA T , SHIRAI T , INANIWA T , et al . Development of fast scanning magnets and their power supply for particle therapy [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity , 2014 , 24 ( 3 ): 1 - 4 .

王磊 , 罗箐 , 王琳 , 等 . HLS脉冲八极磁铁注入方案设计与研究 [J ] . 核技术 , 2015 , 38 ( 6 ): 060105 .

WANG Lei , LUO Qing , WANG Lin , et al . Study of injection scheme of a pulsed octupole magnet for HLS storage ring [J ] . Nuclear Techniques , 2015 , 38 ( 6 ): 060105 .

GUO Zhen , TANG Jingyu , YANG Zheng , et al . A novel structure of multipole field magnets and their applications in uniformizing beam spot at target [J ] . Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research: Section A Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment , 2012 , 691 : 97 - 108 .

TANG Jingyu , DENG Changdong , WU Xi , et al . Design and prototyping of simplified multipole magnets [J ] . Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research: Section A Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment , 2019 , 915 : 10 - 16 .

TSOUPAS N . Uniform beam distributions of charged particle beams [J ] . AIP Conference Proceedings , 2011 , 1336 ( 1 ): 11 - 15 .

贾欢 , 何源 , 原有进 , 等 . ADS注入器Ⅱ的5 MeV高能传输线的设计与搭建 [J ] . 原子核物理评论 , 2016 , 33 ( 3 ): 286 - 290 .

JIA Huan , HE Yuan , YUAN Youjin , et al . Design and setup of 5 MeV HEBT line of the CIADS injector schemeⅡ [J ] . Nuclear Physics Review , 2016 , 33 ( 3 ): 286 - 290 .

MENG Cai , LI Zhihui , TANG Jingyu . Error analysis and lattice improvement for the C-ADS Injector-I [J ] . Chinese Physics: C , 2014 , 38 ( 6 ): 067008 .

YANG Xuhui , CHEN Youxin , WANG Jinqiang , et al . Online beam orbit correction of MEBT in CiADS based on multi-agent reinforcement learning algorithm [J ] . Annals of Nuclear Energy , 2022 , 179 : 109346 .

TEJIMA M . Beam based calibration for beam position monitors [C ] // Proceedings of International Beam Instrumentation Conference . Geneva, Switzerland : JA-CoW Publishing , 2016 : 266 - 272 .

HE Jun , SUI Yanfeng , LIANG Chongyang , et al . Preliminary analysis of beam position monitor accuracy [J ] . Symmetry , 2024 , 16 ( 5 ): 566 .

周建新 , 康文 , 李帅 , 等 . CSNS校正磁铁积分场均匀性测量研究 [J ] . 强激光与粒子束 , 2019 , 31 ( 11 ): 115105 .

ZHOU Jianxin , KANG Wen , LI Shuai , et al . Research on measurement of integral field uniformity of CSNS corrector magnets [J ] . High Power Laser and Particle Beams , 2019 , 31 ( 11 ): 115105 .

Views

下载量

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

提交

Tools

Publicity Resources

Beam Uniformization Study of the High-Energy Beam Transport in a High-Current Accelerator-Driven Neutron Source

Integrated and Joint Design Optimization of Centrifugal Compressor Impeller and Casing Treatment at Multiple Working Points

Numerical Simulation of the Energy Conversion Process in Thermoacoustic Engines with Different Stack Materials

Review of the Application of EBSILON Software in Combined Heat and Power System Optimization

A Structure-Semantics-Residual Collaborative Image Compression Framework：Towards Privacy Protection and High-Fidelity Reconstruction

Related Author

SU Haoquan

KONG Guoqing

LI Jinglun

PAN Wenlong

CHEN Yongqi

HU Yaocheng

JIANG Quanxu

YANG Jinghe

Related Institution

Huzhou Neutron Science Laboratory, Xi’an Jiaotong University

School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University

China Institute of Atomic Energy

Hua Boron Neutron Technology (Hangzhou) Co., Ltd.

⁰