Lumped-Parameter Simulation Study on Precooling Characteristics of Cryogenic Turbopumps with Complex Structures

QIN Yi; LI Yaoyang; LI Zhuolun; LIU Gangyi; WANG Lei

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202511017

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Lumped-Parameter Simulation Study on Precooling Characteristics of Cryogenic Turbopumps with Complex Structures

更新时间：2025-11-11

- Lumped-Parameter Simulation Study on Precooling Characteristics of Cryogenic Turbopumps with Complex Structures
- Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University Vol. 59, Issue 11, Pages: 177-186(2025)
- 作者机构：
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- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202511017
  CLC： V421.4+2
- Received：13 March 2025，
  
  Published：10 November 2025
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QIN Yi, LI Yaoyang, LI Zhuolun, et al. Lumped-Parameter Simulation Study on Precooling Characteristics of Cryogenic Turbopumps with Complex Structures[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2025, 59(11): 177-186.
DOI：

QIN Yi, LI Yaoyang, LI Zhuolun, et al. Lumped-Parameter Simulation Study on Precooling Characteristics of Cryogenic Turbopumps with Complex Structures[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2025, 59(11): 177-186. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202511017.

摘要

为实现火箭发动机低温涡轮泵预冷特性与规律的定量预测，解决AMESim软件无法准确预测预冷两相传热的技术挑战，开展了液氧涡轮泵预冷的集总参数仿真研究。首先，采用热容等效方法将涡轮泵复杂结构简化为环状管流模型，实现了涡轮泵壳与芯体同步预冷求解；然后，将低温预冷两相流型判定与沸腾传热模型植入AMESim软件，建立了涡轮泵预冷多节点集总参数预测模型；最后，采用该预冷模型对复杂液氧涡轮泵预冷规律开展了变工况预示。结果表明：所建立低温预冷集总参数模型在预测预冷耗时时最大误差小于6.0%；液氧涡轮泵芯体预冷时间为壳体耗时的3.7%，因此泵壳预冷耗时决定了涡轮泵整体预冷进程；提高入口压力有利于强化流体与结构体间的传热速率，实现快速预冷，但会增加预冷过程液体消耗量。所建立的AMESim预冷模型为研究火箭低温发动机规律提供了一种新的方法选择。

Abstract

To achieve quantitative prediction of precooling characteristics and patterns in rocket engine cryogenic turbopumps

addressing the technical challenge where AMESim software cannot accurately predict two-phase heat transfer during precooling

a chilldown simulation of liquid oxygen turbopump by lumped parameter approach. First

the complex turbopump structure was simplified based on a thermal capacitance equivalence method

enabling synchronous precooling simulation of pre-cooling for both the turbopump casing and core. Subsequently

cryogenic twophase flow pattern identification and boiled heat transfer models are incorporated into AMESim software to establish a multi-node lumped-parameter prediction model for turbopump precooling. Finally

this model is employed to predict the precooling behavior of a complex liquid oxygen turbopump under varying operating conditions. Results demonstrate that the developed cryogenic precooling lumped-parameter model achieves a maximum error of less than 6.0% in predicting precooling duration. The core precooling time constitutes merely 3.7% of the casing precooling time

indicating that the casing's precooling process dominates the overall turbopump precooling progression. Increasing the inlet pressure enhances heat transfer rates between the fluid and structure

facilitating rapid precooling

albeit at the cost of greater liquid consumption during the process. The established AMESim precooling model provides a novel methodological option for studying the operational principles of cryogenic rocket engines.

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references

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