Numerical and Experimental Study on the Effects of Curved Volute on the Aerodynamic Noise of Multi-Blade Centrifugal Fans

MA Yanpeng; PENG Xiaokang; TIAN Chenye; JIANG Jiwu; HE Xinkui; LIU Xiaomin

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202510010

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Numerical and Experimental Study on the Effects of Curved Volute on the Aerodynamic Noise of Multi-Blade Centrifugal Fans

更新时间：2025-09-28

- Numerical and Experimental Study on the Effects of Curved Volute on the Aerodynamic Noise of Multi-Blade Centrifugal Fans
- Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University Vol. 59, Issue 10, Pages: 106-116(2025)
- 作者机构：
- 作者简介：
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- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202510010
  CLC： TH432;TK05
- Received：17 January 2025，
  
  Published：10 October 2025
- 稿件说明：
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MA Yanpeng, PENG Xiaokang, TIAN Chenye, et al. Numerical and Experimental Study on the Effects of Curved Volute on the Aerodynamic Noise of Multi-Blade Centrifugal Fans[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2025, 59(10): 106-116.
DOI：

MA Yanpeng, PENG Xiaokang, TIAN Chenye, et al. Numerical and Experimental Study on the Effects of Curved Volute on the Aerodynamic Noise of Multi-Blade Centrifugal Fans[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2025, 59(10): 106-116. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202510010.

摘要

针对多翼离心风机进气端气流转向造成的进气不均匀以及蜗舌间隙回流现象，以集成灶用双吸式多翼离心风机蜗壳为研究对象，提出了一种曲面蜗壳的优化方法并对其通流截面进行了参数设计。由原蜗壳型线与叶轮外径共同确定曲面蜗壳的积叠线，通过在蜗壳周向各通流截面上构建由3段圆弧形成的圆弧形通流截面型线，对蜗壳轴向切除部分进行几何重构，沿积叠线完成曲面蜗壳构型。采用数值模拟方法对优化的多翼离心风机的气动性能及噪声进行了研究，并结合蜗壳加工工艺要求制作了实验测试样机。考虑到集成灶用多翼离心风机实际的运行工况，在工作风量工况条件下，通过实验测量验证了曲面蜗壳对多翼离心风机气动性能及其噪声水平的改进效果。结果表明，当曲面蜗壳风机与原型风机的工作风量相同时，曲面蜗壳风机的噪声降低了6.4dB，功率降低了4.6%。基于多翼离心风机内部流场数值计算结果分析，采用曲面蜗壳减小了蜗壳轴向气流交界处的速度梯度，抑制了蜗壳出口及蜗舌附近高湍动能区域的扩散，减弱了蜗壳出口气流与蜗舌的周期性相互作用，有效降低了多翼离心风机的气动噪声水平。研究为多翼离心风机内部流动控制和增效降噪设计提供了理论基础和实践经验。

Abstract

To address the issues of non-uniform inlet flow and volute tongue gap backflow caused by airflow redirection at the inlet side of multi-blade centrifugal fans and

this study takes the volute of a double-inlet multi-blade centrifugal fan used in integrated stoves as the research object and proposes an optimization method for a curved volute with parameterized design of its flowpassage cross-sections. The stacking line of the curved volute is determined based on the original volute profile and the impeller outer diameter. By constructing a three-arc-shaped flow-passage cross-section profile at each circumferential position of the volute

the axially cut portion of the volute is geometrically reconstructed

and the curved volute configuration is completed along the stacking line. Numerical simulations are conducted to investigate the aerodynamic performance and noise characteristics of the optimized multi-blade centrifugal fan

and a prototype is fabricated considering manufacturing requirements for experimental validation. Under the actual operating conditions of integrated stove applications

experimental measurements are performed to verify the improvement effects of the curved volute on the aerodynamic performance and noise level of the multi-blade centrifugal fan at the working flow rate. The results show that

compared to the original fan

the curved volute fan achieves a noise reduction of 6.4dB and a power reduction of 4.6% at the same working flow rate. Based on numerical analysis of the internal flow field

the curved volute reduces the velocity gradient at the axial airflow interface

suppresses the diffusion of high turbulent kinetic energy regions near the volute outlet and tongue

and weakens the periodic interaction between the outlet airflow and the volute tongue

effectively lowering the aerodynamic noise level of the multi-blade centrifugal fan. This study provides theoretical foundations and practical insights for internal flow control and efficiency-enhancing

noisereducing designs of multi-blade centrifugal fans.

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