Research on Flow Loss Decomposition and Loss Characteristics of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Centripetal Turbine

LIU Ruyi; DIAO Anna; CHI Zhinan; ZHANG Shuaizhao; DENG Qinghua; LI Jun; FENG Zhenping

doi:10.7652/xjtuxb202510009

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Research on Flow Loss Decomposition and Loss Characteristics of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Centripetal Turbine

更新时间：2025-09-28

- Research on Flow Loss Decomposition and Loss Characteristics of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Centripetal Turbine
- Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University Vol. 59, Issue 10, Pages: 96-105(2025)
- 作者机构：
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202510009
  CLC： TK47
- Received：25 March 2025，
  
  Published：10 October 2025
- 稿件说明：
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LIU Ruyi, DIAO Anna, CHI Zhinan, et al. Research on Flow Loss Decomposition and Loss Characteristics of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Centripetal Turbine[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2025, 59(10): 96-105.
DOI：

LIU Ruyi, DIAO Anna, CHI Zhinan, et al. Research on Flow Loss Decomposition and Loss Characteristics of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Centripetal Turbine[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2025, 59(10): 96-105. DOI： 10.7652/xjtuxb202510009.

摘要

针对超临界二氧化碳（SCO

）向心透平流动损失耦合机制不清晰以及优化方向不明确的问题，以循环输出功率为150kW的SCO

向心透平为对象，基于熵产理论，采用不同边界条件设置、多次数值模拟和涡量分析方法，开展了流动损失分解、损失来源定位以及损失特性分析。模拟结果表明：设计工况下，该向心透平的流动损失由大到小依次为泄漏损失、静叶损失、混合损失、动叶损失，分别占总损失的44.43%、31.82%、11.98%和11.77%；当偏离设计工况时，泄漏损失和静叶损失占比减小，混合损失占比增大，动叶损失占比变化不大；泄漏损失产生的主要原因是动叶进口叶顶间隙相对较高，透平泄漏量较大，减小动叶叶顶间隙尺寸可显著减小透平的熵产和泄漏损失；静叶损失主要产生于通道中后区域，动叶损失在动叶中段位置处急剧增大。研究结果可为百千瓦级SCO

动力循环向心透平的气动设计和型线优化提供数据支撑。

Abstract

To address the unclear coupling mechanism of flow losses and the lack of optimization direction in supercritical carbon dioxide (SCO

) centripetal turbines

a 150kW SCO

centripetal turbine is concentrated in this paper. Based on entropy generation theory

different boundary condition settings

multiple numerical simulations

and vorticity analysis methods are employed to decompose flow losses

identify loss sources

and analyze loss characteristics. The

simulation results indicate that under design conditions

the flow losses in the centripetal turbine occur in the following order

from largest to smallest: leakage losses

stator losses

mixing losses

and rotor losses

accounting for 44.43%

31.82%

11.98%

and 11.77% of the total losses

respectively. When deviating from the design conditions

the proportions of leakage losses and stator losses decrease

while the proportion of mixing losses increases

with little change in rotor losses. The primary cause of leakage losses is the relatively high clearance at the inlet tip of the rotor

which leads to significant leakage through the turbine；reducing the blade tip clearance can notably decrease the turbine's entropy generation and leakage losses. Stator losses predominantly occur in the mid-to-late regions of the passage

while rotor losses increase sharply at the mid-section of the rotor. The findings provide data support for the aerodynamic design and profile optimization of 100kW-class SCO

power cycle centripetal turbines.

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Keywords

references

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